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For some specific use cases, we've created tutorials to get started.
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Exivity is a metering and billing software solution for public and private cloud environments that allows you to report on cloud consumption from any IT resource. Exivity enables you to apply your MSP/CSP business rules and makes any type of Pay-as-you-Go model work. It also facilitates internal charge-back and show-back requirements for Enterprise IT.
These things are done by extracting IT consumption data from various endpoints and then mapping this data to meaningful customer-specific information such as services, customer IDs, names, and contracts.
There are four main steps involved in a successful deployment:
Extract
Transform
Report
Integrate (optional)
The Extract step defines your data sources such as:
APIs that return usage data, service catalogue, rate card, customer/subscriber lists, and similarly available records from public or private clouds
APIs or ODBC queries that return contracts, customer names, IDs, and other contextual lookup data from CMDB / CRM systems
Flat files on disk in CSV, JSON, or XML format
Other HTTP/S sources
Exivity provides a rich scripting interface via its Unified Scriptable Extractor (USE) component which facilitates integration with almost any data source. For most of the big cloud platforms, we provide template extractor scripts as part of the product. Additionally, you can also write your own USE scripts from scratch in order to integrate with custom data sources.
The Transform step provides a powerful ETL framework for processing extracted data. Using it you can merge consumption metrics, contract details, customer information, custom metadata, service definitions or any other imported information to produce an enriched and/or normalised result.
This is done using the Transcript component, which executes user-definable scripts (termed tasks) in order to produce a meaningful set of data suitable for reporting against. Often this data will feed a consolidated bill of IT based on the various different consumed services.
Transcript also allows you to define and populate services and rates, either of which may be passed through from cloud data, defined as custom offerings, or a mixture of the two.
Exivity provides a modern responsive User Interface, that allows you to 'slice and dice' the processed data in any way you choose. Multiple Report Definitions can be created with ease which allows you to graphically and textually display both cost and usage statistics.
We think that Exivity should be part of your automation landscape, where it can provide (for example) line items that can be digested by your ERP and/or invoicing system. Therefore we consider Integrate as the logical final step for any deployment where it is useful.
To this end, we offer an open and fully-featured REST API. Our GUI uses our own API for all back-end processes meaning that all textual data shown in the Exivity GUI is also obtainable via our API.
Detailed information about the REST API can be found at https://api.exivity.com
Exivity can be easily deployed on any system running Windows Server 2016 or later.
In order to deploy a single node Exivity system, be aware of the following system architecture:
All components can be installed on a single node. However, even in a single node deployment, it might be desirable to run the PostgreSQL database and RabbitMQ system on a different system. Apart from installing PostgreSQL from the Exivity installer, the Exivity software is also compatible with any PostreSQL compatible database engine (PostgreSQL on Linux, Amazon RDS, CockroachDB, etc) in order to achieve High Availability or Load Balancing. The same goes for the RabbitMQ component.
After starting the Exivity installer and providing a valid license, ensure to have all components selected and click Next:
Then make sure to provide a valid path for the Exivity program files:
And select a folder for the Exivity home files:
It is recommended to configure a dedicated volume with SSD performance for the Exivity home folder location
Provide a custom administrator username and password, or leave the default:
Then provide the details for the PostgreSQL database. The installer will configure a local PostgreSQL database by default:
When installing PostgreSQL on a single node host, it is recommended to use a dedicated volume for the PostgreSQL database folder (refered to as 'PGDATA')
In case you prefer to use a remote PostgreSQL database system, ensure to deselect 'Install Local PSQL Engine' and provide your PSQL server credentials:
When using a PostgreSQL database on a remote host, the database and user must have been created beforehand. To create the database, ask your database administator to execute a database create statement similar to the one below:
CREATE DATABASE exdb WITH OWNER = exadmin TEMPLATE = template0 ENCODING = 'UTF8' LC_COLLATE = 'en_US.UTF-8' LC_CTYPE = 'en_US.UTF-8' CONNECTION LIMIT = -1;
When you are finished configuring your PostgreSQL database settings, click the Next button to configure RabbitMQ. To use a remote RabbitMQ instance, deselect the 'Install Local RabbitMQ Engine' and provide the appropriate hostname, username, password, vhost and TCP port. In case you require TLS/SSL towards your RabbitMQ instance, select that checkbox as well:
Once the installation is finished, ensure to check 'Start the Exivity Windows Services' to start the Exivity services after clicking Finish.
Follow the below steps to execute an unintended setup using the silent installer flags supported by the setup program.
The below example will silently install Exivity with mostly default settings, except having the Exivity program, home, and PGDATA in separate locations:
The below example will silently install Exivity while using a remote PostgreSQL database:
Exivity can be deployed on a single node, or on multiple nodes for HA and load balancing. This guide walks you through the steps to install some of the Exivity components on different nodes.
The following diagram outlines the various components that can be deployed on separate nodes:
For larger environments, it is recommended to deploy each component on separate virtual machine nodes. As displayed in the diagram above, a typical multi-node deployment will consist of the following elements:
Load Balancer (optional)
An optional but recommended 3rd party load balancer may be used to ensure high availability of the Exivity front end web application.
Exivity Web/UI node(s)
1 or more Exivity Web/UI nodes should be deployed to support the customer facing web application.
Exivity API/Backend node(s)
1 or more Exivity API/Backend nodes should be deployed to support the customer facing web application.
Storage
In multi-node environments, it is advisable to provide a shared storage device (i.e. SMB/NFS) that can be accessed by the backend nodes
PostgreSQL node or cluster
Exivity solution relies on a PostgreSQL version 10 (or higher) compliant database engine.
RabbitMQ node or cluster
Exivity relies on a RabbitMQ version 3.8 (or higher) message broker
The platform is designed in such a way that adding and removing Exivity nodes should be relatively straightforward, which compliments thr potential growth or shrinkage of data processing needs.
Exivity highly recommends deploying your own PostgreSQL database cluster on Linux (or use a managed PSQL service from Azure, AWS or other vendors). To achieve High Availability, any PostgreSQL compatible cluster manager software may be used. At Exivity we have good experiences with pg_auto_failover, which is an open source PostgreSQL on Linux cluster manager (backed by Microsoft) in case you prefer to self-manage the Exivity PostgreSQL database.
When using a PostgreSQL database on a remote host, the database and user must have been created beforehand. To create the database, ask your database administator to execute a database create statement similar to the one below:
CREATE DATABASE exdb WITH OWNER = exadmin TEMPLATE = template0 ENCODING = 'UTF8' LC_COLLATE = 'en_US.UTF-8' LC_CTYPE = 'en_US.UTF-8' CONNECTION LIMIT = -1;
In addtion, make sure to set the following minimal (or higher) PostgreSQL configuration parameters:
shared_buffers = 2GB
work_mem = 32MB
wal_buffers = 64MB
max_prepared_transactions = 16
In case you prefer to install PostgreSQL on Windows, Exivity recommends installingthe PostgreSQL role together with the API/Scheduler backend components during the installation wizard.
Exivity highly recommends deploying your own RabbitMQ instance on Linux (or use a managed RabbitMQ service from AWS, CloudAMQP, or other vendors).
In order to deploy a backend node, the following steps need to be executed manually or automatically thru the use of the silent installer CLI interface.
After starting the installer, click Next and provide a valid license key when asked. After clicking Next again, the component screen will be shown:
Ensure to deselect the Web Service . The API Service component can also be excluded, although in some cases it is recommended to have the API and Backend Services running on the same system. Please consult with Exivity support in case you are not certain what to select.
Click Next to continue. Then provide a folder for the Exivity program files, and afterward select a folder for the Exivity home files.
Provide a custom administrator username and password, or leave the default:
Now specify a remote PostgreSQL database instance, or select to install the PostgreSQL database locally on the API/backend node:
When using a PostgreSQL database on a remote host, the database and user must have been created beforehand. To create the database, ask your database administator to execute a database create statement similar to the one below:
CREATE DATABASE exdb WITH OWNER = exadmin TEMPLATE = template0 ENCODING = 'UTF8' LC_COLLATE = 'en_US.UTF-8' LC_CTYPE = 'en_US.UTF-8' CONNECTION LIMIT = -1;
When you are finished configuring your PostgreSQL database settings, click the Next button to configure RabbitMQ. To use a remote RabbitMQ instance, deselect the 'Install Local RabbitMQ Engine' and provide the appropriate hostname, username, password, vhost and TCP port. In case you require TLS/SSL towards your RabbitMQ instance, select that checkbox as well:
Once the installation is finished, ensure to check 'Start the Exivity Windows Services' to start the Exivity services after clicking Finish.
In order to achieve High Availability for the Exivity API/backend node, it is advisable to leverage the HA capabilities of your hypervisor (i.e. vSphere HA). In case you want to achieve OS level HA, you may consider implementing a Windows Failover Cluster. Please reach out to support@exivity.com / support.exivity.com to learn more about this kind of configuration.
The below example will silently install an Exivity API/Backend node while using a remote PostgreSQL database instance as well as a remote RabbitMQ instance using SSL:
In order to deploy a Web/UI only node (with optional API), the following steps need to be executed manually or automatically thru the use of the silent installer CLI interface.
After starting the installer, click Next and provide a valid license key when asked. After clicking Next again, the component screen will be shown:
Select the Web Service and optionally also the API Service. In some cases, the API can also be deployed on the front-end node, but if you are not certain, install only the Web Service on the front-end node, and the API Service on the backend node.
Click Next to continue. Then choose a folder for the Exivity program files, and afterward select a folder for the Exivity home files.
In the following screen, it will be required to specify the remote host and port of your Exivity API node:
Ensure that the Exivity API host is active and accepting connections. After clicking the Next button, the installer will issue a connection attempt to the Exivity API host
Once the installation is finished, ensure to check 'Start the Exivity Windows Services' to start the Exivity services after clicking Finish.
The below example will silently install an Exivity Web/UI node:
Exivity can be deployed from the AWS Market Place allowing you to have a functional Exivity solution in a matter of minutes. This tutorial will get you up and running.
Login to your AWS portal and access the Exivity offering .
Click on Continue to Subscribe.
Read our Terms and Conditions, and when ready, click on Continue to Configuration.
Select the Region where you want to deploy Exivity and click on Continue to Launch.
In Choose Action select Launch though EC2 and click on Launch to access the Deployment Wizard.
In this section, you can select your VPC Configuration, or leave the default values.When you are done with your configuration click on Next: Add Storage.
In the Storage section, two drives are recommended, you can influence the Volume Type and the Size (GiB) parameters. When ready, click on Next: Add Tags.
In the Tags section, include the tags that are meaningful to you, as a minimum, a Name tag is recommended. Click on Next: Configure Security Group.
In the Security Group section, you can leave the default recommended security group or add more rules if needed. Click on Review and Launch.
Review the details and click on Launch, select your preferred Key Pair to connect to the instance.
In a few minutes your instance will be deployed, you can track the progress in your EC2 Dashboard:
Write down the Public IP address / Public DNS and the Instance ID once they are available.
You can logon to your Exivity instance with RDP, but after deployment you should be able to connect to your instance using the public IP address or DNS name of your Exivity instance considering the following default URL:
https://<Your_Public_DNS>:8001
The default admin username is admin with password Instance ID.
Apart from installing Exivity in any on premise environment, Exivity can also be deployed from the Azure Market Place (AMP). Deploying Exivity on AMP is straight forward, and can be finised within a few minutes via your Azure Portal.
Login to your Azure Portal at and then go to the Marketplace to search for the Exivity offer:
Once you've selected the Exivity offering, you should be presented with the following screen:
After clicking the Create button, you will be redirected to the VM deployment wizard
Fill in a Windows user/pass and pick your deployment Resource Group:
Make sure to write down this username and password, as you will need these when connecting to the Exivity Windows server using the Remote Desktop Protocol.
You may select any additional options, but none are required for running Exivity succesfully, so you may skip this page simply by clicking the OK button:
Review the summary and click Create to deploy your Exivity VM:
This may take a few minutes. You may review the status of the Virtual Machine in your VM list:
Write down the Public IP address once it is available. Optionally you may configure a custom DNS name to have an easy way to connect.
You can logon to your Exivity instance with RDP, but after deployment you should be able to connect to your instance using the public IP address or DNS name of your Exivity instance considering the following default URL:
https://<Your_Public_IP>:8001
The default admin username is admin with password exivity.
Exivity can be installed on any Microsoft Windows 2016 or higher server in your on-premise data center or in the cloud. Depending on the amount of data, Exivity recommends the following system configuration:
* a managed high available and high-performance cluster would be recommended ** consult with Exivity for advisory on appropriate sizing of extra-large environments
Each node can be either a physical or virtual machine. The CPU and RAM requirements provided in the table above are defined per node whereas the Storage requirements are to be considered for the complete UMB deployment as a whole and should be hosted on shared storage (i.e. SMB/NFS). An operating system will need to be pre-installed on every node. Web and Backend nodes require a version of Windows 2016 Standard or higher to be installed. In scenarios where the RabbitMQ and/or PostgreSQL nodes are deployed on dedicated or clustered environments, the operating system guidelines specific to those applications are to be considered.
The Exivity front-end supports the following desktop browsers:
Google Chrome v59+
Microsoft Edge v41+ (EdgeHTML 16+ / Blink 80+)
Opera v46+
Mozilla Firefox v65+ (support added in Exivity v2.10.0)
Apple Safari v10.1+ (support added in Exivity v3.2.7)
We aim to provide the fastest metering and billing solution available today, and this means we have to rely on modern (web) technologies. Part of our speed comes from pre-processing the raw data, and part comes from having almost all processed data available right in the browser, and streaming the missing pieces on request.
To efficiently and reliably achieve this we use some very specific technologies not yet available in all browsers. When they do catch up, we'll fully support those browsers.
In the first screen, try to pick a recommended VM size type that has enough CPU's and Memory (see for general system requirements). When you are done with your selection click on Next: Configure Instance details.
By default no data is loaded into the system, so you'll have to create a new for obtaining consumption data and a to process that data. A is then created to be able to report on your consumption metrics and costs.
A couple of getting started guides are provided , but feel free to drop us an or create a in our support portal. We will then assist you to get your started for your specific use case
Try to pick a recommended VM size type that has enough CPU's and Memory (see for general system requirements). Smaller machines are possible, but will influence performance:
By default no data is loaded into the system, so you'll have to create a new for obtaining consumption data and a to process that data. A is then created to be able to report on your consumption metrics and costs.
A couple of getting started guides are provided , but feel free to drop us an or create a in our support portal. We will then assist you to get your started for your specific use case.
Size | CUPR | Web & Backend | RabbitMQ | PSQL | CPU | RAM | Storage |
Small | < 5000 | 1 – 2 node(s) | 0 – 1 node | 0 – 1 node | 4 cores | 12 GB | 200 GB |
Medium | < 10000 | 1 – 2 node(s) | 0 – 1 node | 0 – 1 node | 6 cores | 16 GB | 400 GB |
Large | < 15000 | 2 – 4 nodes | 1 instance* | 1 instance* | 8 cores | 24 GB | 600 GB |
X-Large | > 15000 | 4 or more nodes** | 1 instance* | 1 instance* | 8 cores | 32 GB | TBD** |
This article describes how to report on VMware vCenter consumption with Exivity
When deploying the vCenter Extractor template for Exivity, it is required to configure a user with approperiate permissions. Additionally, the following process must be completed in order to report on vCenter consumption:
Create Exivity vCenter user
Configure an Extractor
Configure a Transformer
Create your Report
Exivity supports Out of the Box integration with vCenter version 6.5 and higher. For version before 6.5, please contact support@exivity.com.
Exivity needs a user with a reader role in order to retrieve consumption data. Please follow this procedure:
In your vCenter Configuration Manager go to Configuration > Local Users and Groups > Users.
Create a new User, insert username and password.
Take note of the username and password, they will be used later on to configure Exivity
Click on Create.
Under Users and Groups, click Add, select the previously created user.
On the Select Users and Groups dialog, click Add, and then click OK.
Add a Reader role in the dropdown.
Finally click on OK.
To create the Extractor, browse to Data Sources > Extractors in the Exivity GUI and click the Create Extractor button. This will try to connect to the Exivity Github account to obtain a list of available templates. To create a new Extractor based off the vCenter template follow these steps:
Provide a name for the Extractor in the Name field above
Pick vCenter 6.5 (VM Inventory REST API) template from the list
Click the Create button.
Once you've created the Extractor, go to theVariables tab:
Fill in all required variables with the values that you gathered in the previous step. You have the option to encrypt a variable in case it contains sensitive information (i.e. password) by clicking the lock icon on the right of each variable field. When finished, click Update.
Once you've filled in all details, go to the Run tab to execute the Extractor clicking on Run Now:
If the variables are correct and your vCenter is reachable for Exivity, you should get a successful result.
Once you have successfully run your vCenter Extractor, you can create a Transformer template via Data Sources > Transformers in the Exivity GUI. Browse to this location and click the Create Transformer button. Make any changes that you feel necessary and then select the run tab to execute it for a single day (today) as a test.
Once you have run both your Extractor and Transformer successfully create a Report Definition via the menu option Reports > Definitions:
Select your vCenter dataset, and your preferred Reporting Columns to break down the report (we recommend only cluster_name for the default report). When you are ready, click on Create.
Once you have created the report, you should then click the Prepare Report button after first making sure you have selected a valid date range from the date selector shown when preparing the report.
Once this is done you should be able to run any of Accounts, Instances, Services or Invoices report types located under the Report menu for the date range you prepared the report for.
This Tutorial is for the AWS CUR Athena Extractor if you want to use the standard AWS CUR Extractor please use this tutorial.
This tutorial assumes that you have CUR (Cost and Usage Report) set up in your AWS environment. In the event that this is not the case please follow the steps in Turning on the AWS Cost and Usage Report before proceeding.
Please note that in order to deploy this solution the S3 bucket to which CUR reports are written must reside in one of the following AWS regions:
Northern Virginia
Ohio
Oregon
Mumbai
Seoul
Singapore
Sydney
Tokyo
Frankfurt
Ireland
London
At this point in time, only the previous regions have all the necessary services deployed.
This tutorial shows how to build a serverless solution for querying the AWS CUR Report using Exivity. This solution makes use of AWS serverless services such as Lambda and Athena, as well as other commonly used services such as S3, CloudFormation, and API Gateway. The following topics will be covered:
Solution Overview
Launching the CloudFormation Template
Creating the Lambda function and API Gateway
Configuring an Extractor
Configuring a Transformer
Creating your Report
The Billing and Cost Management service writes your AWS Cost and Usage report to the S3 bucket that you designated when setting up the service. These files can be written on either an hourly or daily basis.
The CloudFormation template that accompanies this tutorial builds a Serverless environment containing a Lambda function which reads a CUR file, processes it and writes the resulting report to an output S3 bucket. The output data object has a prefix structure of "year=current-year" and "month=current-month". For example, if a file is written 13/09/2018 then the Lambda function outputs an object called "bucket-name/year=2018/month=09/file_name".
The next step in the template is to translate this processed report into Athena so that it can be queried. The following diagram shows the steps involved in the process:
Afterwards, we will create a Lambda function to query the Athena database, returning a URL with the results of the query in CSV format. We will also create an API EndPoint with the AWS API Gateway service, which is used by Exivity to retrieve the data.
In order to deploy this solution successfully the following information is required:
The name of your AWS Cost and Usage report.
The name of the S3 bucket in which the reports are currently stored.
Firstly, launch the CloudFormation template that builds all the serverless components that facilitate running queries against your billing data. When doing this, ensure that you choose the same AWS Region within which your CUR S3 bucket is located.
Now follow the instructions in the CloudFormation wizard, using the following options, and then choose Create.
For CostnUsageReport, type the name of your AWS Cost and Usage report.
For S3BucketName, type a unique name to be given to a new S3 bucket which will contain the processed reports.
For s3CURBucket, type the name of the bucket into which your current reports are written.
While your stack is building, a page similar to the following is displayed.
When the Status column shows CREATE_COMPLETE, you have successfully created four new Lambda functions and an S3 bucket into which your transformed bills will be stored.
Once you have successfully built your CloudFormation stack, you can create a Lambda trigger that points to the new S3 bucket. This means that every time a new file is added to, or and existing file is modified in, the S3 bucket the action will trigger the lambda function.
Create this trigger using the following steps:
Open the Lambda console.
Choose Functions, and select the aws-cost-n-usage-main-lambda-fn-A Lambda function (note: do not click the check box beside it).
There should be no existing triggers. Choose Trigger, Add trigger.
For Trigger type (the box with dotted lines), choose S3.
Select the S3 bucket withing which your CUR reports are stored.
For Event type, choose Object Created (All) and check Enable trigger.
Click Submit.
The database and table are not created until your function runs for the first time. Once this has been done, Athena will contain the database and table.
Athena stores query results in S3 automatically. Each query that you run has a results file in CSV format and a metadata file (*.csv.metadata) that includes header information such as column type, etc.
Once you have successfully added the trigger to the S3 bucket in which the Billing and Cost Management services writes your CUR reports, test the configuration using the following steps.
In the S3 path to which AWS writes your AWS Cost and Usage Billing reports, open the folder with your billing reports, open the folder with your billing reports. There will be either a set of folders or a single folder with a date range naming format.
Open the folder with the data range for the current month. In this folder, there is a metadata file that can be found at the bottom of the folder. It has a JSON extension and holds the S3 key for the latest report.
Download the metadata file. Ensure that the name of the file on your machine is the same as the version stored on your S3 bucket.
Upload the metadata file to the same S3 path from which you downloaded it. This triggers the Lambda function aws-cost-n-usage-main-lmbda-fn-A.
In the S3 bucket that you created to hold your processed files, choose the "year=" folder and then the "month=" folder that corresponds to the current month. You should see the transformed file there, with the time stamp that indicated that it was just written.
To automate this process a CloudFormation template will be provided. This template will create an IAM role and Policy in order that our API can invoke Lambda functions. Then it will create a Lambda function with the capabilities of querying our previously created Athena Serverless DB, and save the output in a S3 bucket in .csv format, (this output will be later retrieved by Exivity). Finally, it will deploy an API Gateway allowing us to create an endpoint for our Lambda function, this is the endpoint that the Exivity extractor will consume. Make sure to launch the CloudFormation template in the same region that you have deployed the previous one.
Let's start by downloading the CloudFormation template (you only need to choose one of the formats, both are supported by AWS):
Then follow the next steps:
Go to the CloudFormation console.
Choose Create Stack.
Choose Upload a template to Amazon S3.
Select from your computer the template that you have downloaded.
Follow the CloudFormation wizard - Add a Name to the Stack and select I acknowledge that AWS CloudFormation might create IAM resources with custom names in the last step.
Once the stack is created you should see an CREATE_COMPLETE message.
Click on Output to take a note of your endpoint (you will need to input this in the Exivity extractor).
Next, we will associate an API Gateway trigger to our Lambda function:
Go to the Lambda console.
Choose the QueryAthena2 function.
Under Add Triggers select API gateway. You should see an image like the following:
Click on API Gateway figure to configure it.
On API select QueryAthena2.
On Deployment Stage select v1.
On Security select Open.
Choose Add.
Choose Save.
You should see a screen like this:
Finally, we will deploy the API Gateway:
Go to the API Gateway console.
Choose QueryAthena2.
In the Resources section, click on the ANY method.
In Actions, choose Delete Method.
Click on Delete.
In the Resources section, choose Actions.
Click on Deploy API
In Deployment Stage select V1.
Add a Deployment Description.
Choose Deploy.
Initially, the created API endpoint is public and as such is vulnerable to the possibility of misuse or denial-of-service attacks. To prevent this, associate an API Key with the endpoint as per the following steps:
Inside the API Gateway dashboard, select the QueryAthena2 API
In Resources, select Method Request
In Settings, change API Key Required to True
Click on Actions and choose Deploy API to effect the change
In Deployment Stage, select v1 and click on Deploy
Go to the API Keys section
Click on Actions and select Create API Key
In Name write ExivityAPIKey
Click on Save
Copy the API Key, as this will be required by the Exivity configuration
Go to Usage Plan
Click on Create.
In Name write ExivityUsagePlan
In the Throttling Section, change Rate to 100 and Burst to 10
In the Quota Section, change it to 50000 requests per Month
Click on Next
Click on Add API Stage
In API, select QueryAthena2 and in Stage select v1
Confirm the changes and click on Next
Click on Add API Key to Usage Plan
Select ExivityAPIKey, confirm the changes
Click on Done
The API Key is now required to access the API endpoint thus adding a layer of security to mitigate unauthorized access attempts.
To create the Extractor in Exivity, browse to Data Sources > Extractors and click the Create Extractor button. This will try to connect to the Exivity Github account to obtain a list of available templates. For AWS, please click AWS_CUR_Extractor from the list. Provide a name for the Extractor in the name field, and click the Create button.
Once you have created the Extractor, go to first tab: Variables
In the Bucket variable specify the name of the S3 bucket where the .csv with the output of the query will be saved (The S3BucketName previously specified when launching the CloudFormation template).
In the Api endpoint variable specify the API endpoint previously created plus the route /QueryAthena.
In the DBname variable specify the name of your DB, you can find it in the Athena main Dashboard.
In the Tablename variable specify the name of the table inside your DB, you can find it in the Athena main Dashboard.
In the API_Key variable specify the API Key that we have created in the Securing API Gateway Section.
Once you have filled in all details, go to the Run tab to execute the Extractor for a single day:
The Extractor requires two parameters in yyyMMdd format:
from_date is the date for which you wish to collect consumption data.
to_date should be the date immediately following from_date.
These should be specified as shown in the screenshot above, separated with a space.
When you click the Run Now button, you should get a successful result.
Once you have successfully run your AWS CUR Extractor, you should be able to create a Transformer template via Data Sources > Transformers and click the Create Transformer button. Select the AWS CUR Transformer and run it for a single day as a test. Make sure that it is the same day as for which you extracted consumption data in the previous step.
Once you have run both your Extractor and Transformer successfully create a Report Definition via the menu option Report Definition via the menu Reports > Definitions:
Select the column(s) by which you would like to break down the costs. Once you have created the report, you should then click the Prepare Report button after first making sure you have selected a valid date selector shown when preparing the report.
Once this is done you should be able to run any of Accounts, Instances, Services or Invoices report types located under the Report menu for the date range you prepared the report for.
This article describes how to report onVMware vCloud consumption with Exivity
When deploying the vCloud Extractor template for Exivity, some input and configuration is required from your vCloud environment. The following process must be completed in order to report on vCloud consumption:
Create Exivity vCloud user (vCloud < 9.1)
Create Exivity vCloud user (vCloud >= 9.1)
Configure an Extractor
Configure a Transformer
Create your Report
For environments with a vCloud previous to 9.1 Exivity needs a user with the sysadmin role on the system ORG. Please follow this procedure:
Click the Administration tab and click Users in the left panel.
Click New, fill the required details.
Note the username and password.
Finally, click OK.
For environments with vCloud version 9.1 or higher, you can create a user with more fine grained permissions. Exivity needs a user with a reader role on the system ORG. Please follow this procedure:
First you will need to create a new custom role for the Exivity user:
From the main menu, select Administration.
In the left panel, under Access Control, click Roles
Click New.
Enter a name and, optionally, a description for the new role.
Select the rights that you want to associate with the role. Exivity needs all the View Rights in the different tabs and also Perform Administrator Queries under the General tab.
Click Save.
Once you have the Role created, you need to setup a new user and assign the Role previously created:
On the VMware Cloud Service toolbar, click the VMware Cloud Services icon and select Identity & Access Management.
Click Add Users.
On the Active Users tab, fill the details of the user you want to add to the system organization.
In the Role in organization text box, assign the role previously created.
To create the Extractor, browse to Data Sources > Extractors in the Exivity GUI and click the Create Extractor button. This will try to connect to the Exivity Github account to obtain a list of available templates. For vCloud:
Pick vCloud_Extractor_AdminVM from the list
Provide a name for the Extractor in the name field
Click the Create button.
Once you've created the Extractor, next go to theVariables tab:
Fill in all required variables with the values that you gathered in the previous step. You have the option to encrypt them. Click on Update.
Once you've filled in all details, go to the Run tab to execute the Extractor clicking on Run Now:
Once you have successfully run your vCloud Extractor, you can create a Transformer template via Data Sources > Transformers in the Exivity GUI. Browse to this location and click the Create Transformer button. Make any changes that you feel necessary and then select the run tab to execute it for a single day (today) as a test.
Once you have run both your Extractor and Transformer successfully create a Report Definition via the menu option Reports > Definitions.
Select your vCloud dataset, and your preferred Reporting Columns to break down the report (we recommend only Org_name and VDC for the default report). When you are ready, click on Create.
Once you have created the report, you should then click the Prepare Report button after first making sure you have selected a valid date range from the date selector shown when preparing the report.
This article describes how to setup Exivity to report on Google Cloud consumption.
This tutorial assumes that you have a Billing Account for your Google Cloud Projects in place. In the event this is not the case please follow the steps in this tutorial before proceeding.
Exivity will leverage on the GCP BigQuery service. This will enable the export of detailed Google Cloud billing data to a BigQuery dataset, giving Exivity the capability to query the billing data in a more granular manner than with the standard file export (which is going to be deprecated by Google).
Before proceeding further, make sure sure your user has the Billing Account Administrator and the BigQuery User roles associated
First and foremost, Exivity will create a dataset containing the billing table which will be periodically queried. Please follow these instructions:
Go to the BigQuery service page.
Select the project that will contain your dataset in the project drop down.
Click CREATE DATASET.
Enter a Dataset ID
Select Data location (region)
Set Default table expiration to Never
Set Encryption to Google-managed key
Finally, click Create dataset
Note the Project, BigQueryProject and Table, these parameters will be used by Exivity on a later stage.
Once you have the dataset created in BigQuery you need to enable Cloud Billing export to BigQuery:
Sign in to the Cloud Billing Console, select Organization and main Billing Account.
Go to the Billling Export tab.
Click Edit Settings to enable the export.
Select the project where you previously created the BigQuery dataset.
Select the specific dataset from the Billing export dataset list.
Click Save.
Exivity requires a GCP Service Account with the BigQuery User role asscociated in order to retrieve the billing data. Please follow this manual to create a Service Account, this manual to associate a Private Key with the service account, and finally this manual to associate the role with the service account.
Make sure to write down the Mail address / service account and its associated Private Key, as these parameters will be required for the Exivity Data Extractor
To create the Extractor in Exivity, browse to Data Sources > Extractors and click the Create Extractor button. This will try to connect to the Exivity Github account to obtain a list of available templates. For Google Cloud, please click Google_Cloud from the list. Provide a name for the Extractor in the name field, and click the Create button.
Once you have created the Extractor, go to Variables tab and fill the parameters:
Hostname: Default endpoint for Google BigQuery with version
Private: Provide the RSA private key PEM format
IMPORTANT make sure to replace \n with ${NEWLINE} in the RSA Private key using a text editor, before pasting the key in the Exivity Extractor field
Email: Mail address / service account associated with the private key, obtained in the Creating Exivity Service Account section.
Project: Main GCP Project name.
BigQuery project: GCP BigQuery Billing Project, obtained in the Setting up BigQuery section.
BigQuery table: GCP BigQuery Billing Table, obtained in the Setting up BigQuery section.
Finally, click on Update.
Once you have filled in all details, go to the Run tab to execute the Extractor for a single day:
The Extractor requires two parameters in yyyMMdd format:
from_date is the date for which you wish to start collecting consumption data.
to_date is the end date for which you wish to collect consumption data.
When you click the Run Now button, you should get a successful result.
Once you have successfully run your Google Cloud Extractor, you should be able to create a Transformer template via Data Sources > Transformers and click the Create Transformer button.
Select the Google Cloud Transformer that you just created, go to the Run Tab and run it for a single day as a test. Make sure that it is the same day as for which you extracted consumption data in the previous step.
When you click the Run Now button, you should get a successful result.
Once you have run both your Extractor and Transformer successfully create a Report Definition via the menu option Report Definition via the menu Reports > Definitions:
Once this is done you should be able to run any of Accounts, Instances, Services or Invoices report types located under the Report menu for the date range you prepared the report for.
This tutorial assumes that you have CUR (Cost and Usage Report) set up in your AWS environment. In the event that this is not the case please follow the steps in Turning on the AWS Cost and Usage Report before proceeding.
Please note that we also need the following requisites:
S3 bucket where the CUR reports are placed
The AWS region of the S3 bucket
The path where the reports are placed inside the S3 bucket
To get this requirements you can go to the Amazon S3 service - Buckets and note the name and the region of our CUR S3 bucket
Once inside the CUR bucket, you must find the path where the monthly reports reside, please navigate the bucket until you find a folder like this one and note the path:
We have to create an IAM User that has read access to the CUR bucket. Please follow these steps:
Go to IAM - Policies and click on Create policy.
In the next screen: Service select S3, Actions select Read, Resources select Specific and in bucket click on Add ARN.
In the next screen, type the name of your bucket followed by /* in Bucket name (example: billing-bucket/*) and click on Add.
Click on Review Policy.
Give a Name and a Description to the policy and finally click on Create policy.
Now, we will attach the policy to a user:
Go to IAM – Users – Add user.
Add an User name and select Access type: Programmatic access.
Click on Attach existing Policies directly and filter by the name of the policy you just created.
Select the policy and click on Next:Tags.
Add a Key-Value pair for the Tags and click on Next:Review.
Click on Create User.
In the next screen click on Download .csv we will use this credentials to populate our Exivity Extractor in the next section.
Finally click on Close.
To create the Extractor in Exivity, browse to Data Sources > Extractors and click the Create Extractor button. This will try to connect to the Exivity Github account to obtain a list of available templates. For AWS, please click AWS_CUR_Extractor from the list. Provide a name for the Extractor in the name field, and click the Create button.
Once you have created the Extractor, go to first tab: Variables
Bucket: Type the name of your S3 CUR bucket.
AWS region: The name of your S3 CUR bucket region code can be found in the Regions, Availability Zones, and Local Zones Documentation (Region column).
Access key: You can find it in the csv that you have downloaded in the previous section.
Secret key: You can find it in the csv that you have downloaded in the previous section.
Cur report: Type the name of your CUR report.
Bucket Directory: Type the path that you got in the previous section (if there is more than one folder separate them with /).
Once you have filled in all details, go to the Run tab to execute the Extractor for a single day:
The Extractor requires one parameters in yyyMMdd format:
from_date is the date for which you wish to collect consumption data.
When you click the Run Now button, you should get a successful result.
Once you have successfully run your AWS CUR Extractor, you should be able to create a Transformer template via Data Sources > Transformers and click the Create Transformer button. Select the AWS CUR Transformer and run it for a single day as a test. Make sure that it is the same day as for which you extracted consumption data in the previous step.
Once you have run both your Extractor and Transformer successfully create a Report Definition via the menu option Report Definition via the menu Reports > Definitions:
Once this is done you should be able to run any of Accounts, Instances, Services or Invoices report types located under the Report menu for the date range you prepared the report for.
This article describes how to report Azure Stack consumption with Exivity
When deploying the Azure Stack Extraction template for Exivity, some configuration is required within your Azure Stack environment and a lookup file needs to be created. The following process must be completed in order to report on Azure Stack consumption:
Create an Exivity Enterprise Application in your Azure AD for authentication
Configure a rate card lookup file
Configure an Extractor
Configure a Transformer
Create your Report
In order for Exivity to authenticate with Azure Stack, you will need to create an application in the Azure AD where you have registered your Azure Stack management node:
Make sure to write down the Application ID and its corresponding Secret, since you will need these when configuring the Extractor later.
When you create this application in your Azure AD make sure it has (at least) the Reader Role in your Default Provider Subscription:
As Microsoft does not provide rate card information via the Azure Stack Consumption API you will only obtain usage metrics from Azure Stack for all of the Meter IDs that are mentioned here by Microsoft.
Exivity provides a template rate card that you can use for creating your own rates. Please bear in mind that these rates are fictional, thus you should update it with your preferred values. However to get started, you can use the file linked above by placing it as a csv file in your Exivity home folder at the following location:
%EXIVITY_HOME_PATH%\system\extracted\AzureStack\rates\azure_stack_example_rates.csv
Once loaded into the system using a Transformer you will be able to change the rates easily through the GUI. This will also enable you to test any draft rates.
To create the Extractor, browse to Data Sources > Extractors in the Exivity GUI and click the Create Extractor button. This will try to connect to the Exivity Github account to obtain a list of available templates. For Azure Stack:
Pick Azure_Stack_Extractor_(App+Secret) from the list
Provide a name for the Extractor in the name field
Click the Create button.
Once you've created the Extractor, go to first tab: Variables
Fill in all required variables marked within the red box in above screenshot. If you don't know some of the required GUIDs, most of these can be obtained by browsing to the Azure Stack management node URL:
https://adminmanagement.**<your.domain.com>**/metadata/endpoints?api-version=2015-01-01
Another way to obtain some of this information is using the Diagnostics button in your management portal:
When you click the Show Diagnostics link, it should download a JSON file containing most of the parameters you'll need, such as Provider GUID, Audience GUID etc.
Once you've filled in all details, go to the Run tab to execute the Extractor for a single day:
The Extractor requires two parameters in yyyyMMdd format:
from_date is the date for which you wish to collect consumption data
to_date should be the date immediately following from_date
These should be specified as shown in the screenshot above, separated with a space.
When you click the Run Now button, you should get a successful result.
Once you have successfully run your Azure Stack Extractor, you can create a Transformer template via Data Sources > Transformers in the Exivity GUI. Browse to this location and click the Create Transformer button. Make any changes that you feel necessary and then select the run tab to execute it for a single day as a test.
Make sure that when running the Transformer you select custom range in the drop-down menu labelled Run for and select the same day as for which you have extracted consumption data in the previous step.
Once you have run both your Extractor and Transformer successfully create a Report Definition via the menu option Reports > Definitions:
Select the column(s) by which you would like to break down the costs. Once you have created the report, you should then click the Prepare Report button after first making sure you have selected a valid date range from the date selector shown when preparing the report.
Once this is done you should be able to run any of Accounts, Instances, Services or Invoices report types located under the Report menu for the date range you prepared the report for.
When deploying the Azure EA Extraction template for Exivity, some configuration is required within your Azure EA environment. The following process must be completed in order to report on Azure EA consumption:
Create an Access Key and Secret in your Azure EA portal
Configure the Azure EA Extractor
Configure your Azure EA Transformer
Create a Report definition
In order for Exivity to authenticate with Azure EA, you will need to create an access key and secret in the Azure EA Portal. Also you will need to find your enrollment number. To do this, login to your Azure EA Portal on https://ea.azure.com and navigate to the Reports menu:
Just under the Windows logo in the left menu section you will find your enrollment number which you will need to provide later when configuring the Extractor. To create the Access Key & Secret, click on Download Usage and then on API Access Key. This brings you to the menu where you can manage your Access Keys and corresponding secret which you will need in order to configure the data Extractor.
To create the Extractor, browse to Data Sources > Extractors in the Exivity GUI and click the Create Extractor button. This will try to connect to the Exivity Github account to obtain a list of available templates. For Azure EA:
Pick Azure EA from the list
Provide a name for the Extractor in the name field
Click the Create button.
Once you've created the Extractor, go to first tab: Variables
Fill in all variables in above screenshot, and feel free to encrypt any sensitive data using the lock symbol on the right.
Once you've filled in all details, go to the Run tab to execute the Extractor for a single day:
The Extractor requires two parameters in yyyyMMdd format:
from_date is the date for which you wish to collect consumption data
to_date should be the date immediately following from_date
These should be specified as shown in the screenshot above, separated with a space.
When you click the Run Now button, you should get a successful result.
Once you have successfully run your Azure EA Blob Extractor, you can create a Transformer template via Data Sources > Transformers in the Exivity GUI. Browse to this location and click the Create Transformer button. Make any changes that you feel necessary and then select the run tab to execute it for a single day as a test.
Make sure that when running the Transformer you select custom range in the drop-down menu labelled Run for and select the same day as for which you have extracted consumption data in the previous step.
Once you have run both your Extractor and Transformer successfully create a Report Definition via the menu option Reports > Definitions:
Select the column(s) by which you would like to break down the costs. Once you have created the report, you should then click the Prepare Report button after first making sure you have selected a valid date range from the date selector shown when preparing the report.
Once this is done you should be able to run any of Accounts, Instances, Services or Invoices report types located under the Report menu for the date range you prepared the report for.
Exivity can be installed in your on-premises data center using the provided installer. You can automatically deploy it using the silent installation command-line options or execute it as an interactive installer.
To install Exivity, you'll need the following:
A system that complies with the Exivity minimal system requirements
The Exivity software installation executable
A valid Exivity license key
If you need help meeting one or more of the above requirements, please get in contact with our support department.
To install Exivity interactively, execute the provided setup executable. Then follow the instructions depending on your intended architecture:
Silent installation is only recommended for experienced users requiring automated deployments
To execute a silent installation the following command line parameters are supported:
<setup>.exe /S
<setup>.exe /S /EXIVITY_PROGRAM_PATH="C:\Program Files\Exivity\program" /EXIVITY_HOME_PATH=D:\Exivity\home /ADMIN_USER=master /ADMIN_PASSWORD=P@ssword
Updating your installation of Exivity to a more recent minor and/or bugfix release (i.e. 3.x.x --> 3.x.x) is straightforward and may be done by installing the new version over the top of the old.
Execute the setup executable. It will detect the installed version of Exivity, and will automatically upgrade when you click Next
When executing <setup>.exe /S
, your existing installation will be automatically upgraded.
When upgrading to a more recent major version (i.e. 2.10.2 --> 3.x.x) consult first the release notes to verify any breaking changes that may apply to your installation.
Exivity comes as standard with an untrusted self-signed SSL certificate. It is therefore highly recommended to replace the default certificate with an official one, signed by your Certificate Authority. To install a signed certificate, follow this procedure:
Download the 32 bit version of openssl.exe from https://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html, and install this tool on the Exivity server
Use the openssl.exe executable to generate a valid key file on the Exivity server by executing the following command:
Run the following command to create a certificate signing request file:
Replace example.com
in the command above with the FQDN of the Exivity server.
You will be asked to enter general information like company name, city, etc. It is important to include the FQDN of the Exivity server when asked for Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:
NOTE: when asked, it is required to not provide a password (leave this field empty and press return), otherwise the Exivity application will not be able to use your certificate.
The generated CSR file should be sent to your Certificate Authority. After processing by your CA, you should receive back a .crt file. Rename this file to webcertificate.crt and rename your exivity.key to webcertificate.key and copy it to the directory %EXIVITY_PROGRAM_PATH%\server\nginx\conf
. This should overwrite the existing .key and .crt files.
Restart the Exivity Web Service
Windows service to activate your signed certificate.
In some environments it may be desirable to separate the webserver from the backend components. This can be achieved by installing two separate Exivity instances. One instance could be placed in a DMZ and the second instance would then typically be deployed within a local network as shown in the following diagram:
To achieve this, first install Exivity on the backend node using the standard procedure described here. Afterwards install the Exivity software on the system that should become the User Portal and only install the Web Component. When asked, specify the API Backend hostname and port to finalize the installation.
Make sure to replace HOSTNAME_BACKEND_PORTAL
with the actual hostname or IP address of the system that serves as your Exivity Backend Portal.
When using SAML2 as an authentication mechanism for Single Sign On, and users also connect to a User Portal, take special attention to theX-Forwarded-Host
and X-Forwarded-Port
in the Nginx webproxy.conf. These are required when the User Portal is served on a different port (i.e. 443) compared to the backend portal API (i.e. 8002). When this is the case, the forwarded port needs to match the port number of the user portal.
After completing your installation, you should now be able to access your Exivity User Portal.
In cases where Exivity instance requires internet connectivity (i.e. to obtain Azure or AWS consumption data), and your network infrastructure requires use of a proxy server, it is necessary to configure a system environment variable.
Right click on This PC in an Explorer Window and click on Properties:
Then go to Advanced System Settings, then click the Environment Variables button:
Now add a new System Variable with the name ALL_PROXY and fill in the address of your proxy server as the value for this variable:
In case you do not want to use the proxy for certain address or domains, it is also possible to add an additional variable NO_PROXY:
If the name in the noproxy list has a leading period, it is a domain match against the provided host name. This way ".example.com" will switch off proxy use for both "www.example.com" as well as for "foo.example.com".
After confirming the change, make sure to restart both the Exivity Windows Services.
By default, Exivity API has a limit of 2048kb for filesize uploading, should you require to increase it, please modify the file located in %EXIVITY_PROGRAM_PATH%\server\php\php.ini
Adjust the variables post_max_size and upload_max_filesize to your desired value.
In order to generate PDF documents through the Exivity API, the Chrome browser needs to be installed and the directory where chrome.exe
can be found should be made available in the systems Path
environmental variable. Read how to add a directory to the Path environmental variable.
Depending on your installation method chrome.exe
should be installed in one of those directories:
C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application
C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\Application
To prevent server overload, generating PDF reports through the API is limited to take 1 minute. Very large reports (e.g. consolidated reports with instance details) may take more time and result in an API error. If that's the case, try generating reports for single accounts or without instance details.
Restart the Exivity API service after making these changes.
When deploying the Azure CSP for Exivity, some configuration is required within your Microsoft Cloud Solution Provider Potal. The following process must be completed in order to report on Azure CSP consumption:
Create a Partner Center Web Application
Configure Extractors for Azure CSP Usage, Billing & Ratecard
Configure Transformers
Create your Report
Create your Workflows
It is necessary to create independent Extractors/Transformers for the Usage and Billing, the Usage Extractors will be retrieving the data on a daily basis giving an estimation of your daily costs. The Billing Extractor will consolidate the rates based on the blended costs per service for the billing period.
Perform the following to create the Azure AD configured to access the Partner Center API
Browse to Partner Center, , and login using credentials that have admin agent and global admin privileges
Click on the following Dashboard –> Account Settings –> App Management
Click Add key to create a new Application Key for you App ID that can be used with Exivity.
Make sure to write down the App ID and its corresponding Key, since you will need these when configuring the Extractor later.
Go to the Billing section.
Open the last month's invoice in pdf format.
Take note of your billing period
Make sure to write down the billing period, since you will need it when configuring the Extractor later.
Go into the Exivity GUI and browse to Data Sources -> Extractors. Then click on Create Extractor and you should get a list of templates. Unfold Azure CSP and pick the usage template:
After selecting the template, click the green Create button on the bottom right. Now make sure to give the new Extractor a name in field at the top:
Now click again on the green Create button at the bottom right. Then click on the Variables menu item:
Now make sure to fill in your Client ID, Secret and your onmicrosoft.com domain. When required, you can encrypt security sensitive field using the lock button on the right of each field. Once you are filling in these details, click the Update button.
Now test the Extractor by going into the Run tab and providing a from and to date like in this example:
Now click the Run Now button and confirm it works as expected:
Create a second extractor using the template Azure_CSP_Invoice_Extractor and give it a name.
This extractor uses the same variables in the Variables menu item as the previous extractor. You can now test the extractor by going to the Run tab, this script uses 3 arguments:
Positive offset: Starting on 0, it will retrieve the most recent invoice, a 1 will retrieve the previous report, etc.
Year of the report: Year of the report you want to retrieve.
Starting day of the billing period: If your billing period goes from 22nd to 21st, the input will be 22.
After filling the arguments you can test the extractor by clicking in Run Now.
Finally, follow the same steps for the Azure Rate Card Extractor, this extractor does not need any arguments.
Once you have successfully run your Azure CSP Usage, Billing & Rate Card Extractors, you can create the Transformers templates via Data Sources -> Transformers in the Exivity GUI. Browse to this location and click the Create Transformer button. You will need to create two separate transformers using these two templates:
The Azure_CSP_Daily-Usage Transformer will transform the daily usage data and the Azure_CSP_End-of-Month Transformer will consolidate the usage with the final blended rates.
Make any changes that you feel necessary and then select the Run tab to execute it for a single day as a test.Make sure that when running the Transformer you select custom range in the drop-down menu labelled Run for and select the same day as for which you have extracted consumption data in the previous step.
Once you have run both your Extractor and Transformer successfully create a Report Definition via the menu option Reports > Definitions:
Select the column(s) by which you would like to break down the costs. Once you have created the report, you should then click the Prepare Report button after first making sure you have selected a valid date range from the date selector shown when preparing the report.
Once this is done you should be able to run any of Accounts, Instances, Services or Invoices report types located under the Report menu for the date range you prepared the report for.
You may want to automate the CSP ETL process, you can achieve it by leveraging on the Exivity's Workflow capabilities. You will create two Workflows, one will run on a daily basis calculating the usage of your CSP subscriptions and the other one will run on a monthly basis to consolidate the service rates.
Start by browsing to Administration -> Workflows in the Exivity GUI and click on the +Create button.
Fill the Name and Description fields, in the SCHEDULES section configure the workflow to run on a daily basis at a convenient time.
In the STEPS section you can create as many steps as needed by adding them with the + button. For the first daily workflow, a minimum of 4 steps are required, two steps for the Usage and Ratecard extractors, one for the Transformer and one for the Report. Make sure to input the right FROM and TO date offsets. Click on Update to finish the creation of your first Workflow.
Create a second Workflow, fill the Name, and Description fields and configure the SCHEDULES section to run on a monthly basis, preferably 2 to 3 days after your month's billing period has finished. For the monthly workflow, a minimum of 3 steps are required, one step for the Billing extractor, one for the Transformer and one for the Report. Make sure to input the right FROM and TO date offsets (to cover the entire billing period) and arguments. Click on Update to finish the creating of the second Workflow.
The graphical user interface of Exivity is a pure client-side application, which means it runs inside your web browser. It communicates with the Exivity to obtain data records, report data and general configuration. This means all functionality available in the GUI can also be accessed programmatically.
The interface allows you to do the following:
Develop extractors
Create transformer (ETL) tasks
Configure report definitions
Run graphical usage & costs reports
Run textual usage & costs reports
Manage users & roles
General configuration
White labeling
More features are added on a regular basis.
A copy of the Exivity installer can be obtained . Installing or upgrading to the latest release is a straightforward process, refer to the for more information.
Migration to PostgreSQL within the Exivity architecture As of version 3.0.0 Exivity stores, all global configuration data and reports results in PostgreSQL as opposed to SQLite. This is a mandatory and breaking change. Please refer to the for more information.
As of version 3.2.1, quantity adjustments are applied first and before any charge related adjustments. This may potentially affect your billing records. If you were depending on mixing charge and quantity adjustments, please reach out to for guidance.
As of version 3.5.0, Exivity uses the RabbitMQ message broker software for inter-component communication. By default, RabbitMQ will be installed automatically on the Exivity host. Alternatively, you may leverage a remote/dedicated RabbitMQ instance. Make sure to verify the system requirements in the installation guide before upgrading.
You may register with the following to obtain information about new releases.
December 01, 2021
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue when installing RabbitMQ locally When using the interactive installer and installing RabbitMQ locally, the installer would store invalid values for the RabbitMQ configuration. This has now been resolved.
Fixed an issue when system returns from hibernation If a Windows system that is running the "Exivity Backend Service" would return from hibernation mode, the service (merlin.exe) would not recover and remain in a broken state. This has been resolved.
Fixed an issue with the Transformer editor Resolved a corner case whereby the editor could break when using Transformer editor code snippets.
November 22, 2021
Bug fixes
Adjustment type Fixed an issue where the type of adjustment was always shown as premium.
November 19, 2021
New features
The name of the EXIVITY_AGGR_COUNT column created by the 'aggregate' statement is now configurable
The 'aggregate' statement now supports an optional parameter (called 'counter_column') which allows you to specify the name of the column into which the aggregation counters will be written. Please refer to the 'aggregate' documentation for more details.
Transformer scripts will now log a warning if no RDF files were updated or created
When running a Transformer script that does not create or update an RDF file using the 'finish' statement, a warning will be written to the log to that effect.
The 'terminate' statement in a Transformer will now accept 'with error' as optional parameters
The statement 'terminate with error' is now supported by Transformer scripts and will cause the processing of the current day to abruptly end. A message will be written to the logfile to the effect that the error was explicitly requested and the task will terminate. If the 'continue' option is enabled, processing will resume on the next day in the range (if a range was specified) else the workflow will exit.
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue when executing quoted scripts from a workflow
When a script (i.e. Powershell) was quoted in a workflow step, the workflow would not execute the script. This has now been resolved.
Fixed an installer issue
When installing RabbitMQ into a program path that contains spaces, RabbitMQ could fail to install the service. This has now been resolved.
Increased the number of API handlers
This release now runs 18 concurrent API processes running on a node with the API service installed to allow a higher number of parallel requests to the REST API.
Fixed an issue with report level labels
Fixed an issue where report labels weren't updated.
Fixed an issue with the Adjustments
Resolved an issue where details in some cases weren't reflected in the form of the Adjustments screen.
Fixed issue with archiving old log files
In some cases, collecting old log files resulted in archiving some files that were already archived before.
Fixed issue with updating an extractor
When an extractor was updated with NULL arguments, the request was incorrectly considered invalid.
Fixed an issue when creating budgets
Resolved an issue where there was unexpected behavior when creating a multi-level budget in the GUI
DEBUG level logs no longer contain the value of parameters provided to subroutines
The values of parameters passed to subroutines are no longer included in DEBUG level logfiles as such values could potentially contain sensitive data
Fixed an issue when viewing proximity log
Solved an issue where certain log types caused the log screen to fail.
Fixes issue with some users not being able to change password
Some users with view_report
permissions only were not able to change their password. This issue has now been fixed.
Log message could contain metadata
Logs entries can contain 'context' to help debugging. This is usually one JSON string. Some log entries could contain multiple contents, which was unexpected. Now if this occurs, these contexts are merged into one JSON string.
Fixed an issue when clicking arrow list
Solved issue where a list could disappear when clicking the arrow in a dropdown list in the GUI
Fixed an issue with the report level filter
Resolved an issue where a default report level wasn't selected when selecting a new report in the GUI
Clarified the log entry written if an extractor script has an unmatched double quote on the last line
In cases where the last line of an extractor script has an unmatched double-quote, and that last line is also not terminated with a carriage return, then an internal error would be generated. The result is correct (the script will not execute) but the error has now been changed to clearly indicate the exact nature of the problem.
Fixed an issue related to sorting of datasets
Resolved an issue with the date sort of datasets in the GUI
September 15, 2021
Release Candidate - available to selected users only
New features
Added more information to audit logs when deleting services The audit log now contains the service key when a service is deleted. Previously it recorded the event,\ but did not include specific information about the service itself.
Added Filtering on workflow-step type The feature allows users to filter workflow steps by type.
The installer has now valid code signing applied
As of this version, the Exivity installer will be signed using the Exivity code signing certificate in order to increase the security of the distributed installer package.
Bug fixes
Increased the number of API handlers This release now runs 18 concurrent API processes running on a node with the API service installed to allow a higher number of parallel requests to the REST API.
Fixed an issue with overwriting a Lookup table Solved an issue where saving a lookup could lead to unexpected behavior
Fixed an issue with user notification subscriptions Solved an issue where it was not possible to save a notification as a user
Fixed an issue when exporting the Consolidated Summary report Solved an issue where the consolidated export was only exporting the first account
Fixed a security issue related to User Access Control Solved an issue where the cache was not properly cleared and as such, the user could view invalidated data.
Fixed an issue with sorting service names in the summary report Services in the summary were sorted on ServiceName instead of Service Description. This has now been resolved.
Fixed an issue where a certain type of invalid XML parslet would cause an extractor crash In rare cases, using an XML parslet to extract an attribute value could cause a crash. This has now been fixed.
Fixed missing budget filter "service" bug When a user selected the "service" filter in a budget, this data was not stored correctly. This fixes this issue.
Fixed an issue with auto-completion There was an issue where auto-completion of example blocks in the Extractor/Transformer editor would not support "tabbing-through" function parameters. This has now been resolved. Additionally, an issue was fixed where the "rename" function would autocomplete wrongly to "convert".
Fixes issue with links generated from singular form of the resource type Links for relationships inside responses were generated using the singular form of the resource.
Fixes issue with incorrect links generated inside responses When a response contained a "link" attribute, it was incorrectly generated.
Better handling of hash and whitespace characters in quoted strings within extractor scripts Previously, a hash symbol at the start of a word in a quoted string literal would be treated as the start of a comment, causing the string to be truncated and an "Unmatched quote" error generated. Additionally, quoted strings containing multiple consecutive whitespace characters would be modified during execution such that they were replaced with a single space. These issues have both been fixed.
August 27, 2021
Release Candidate - available to selected users only
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with the ordering of headings in the Transformer Preview There was an issue where the Transformer Preview would sort the headings in reversed order. This has now been resolved.
Fixed an issue when creating a Transformer from a template When creating a transformer from a template, after creation the GUI would show a "leave the page" popup. This has been resolved.
Fixed an issue when creating an Extractor from a template When creating an Extractor from a template, after creation the screen would not switch to the Variables tab. This has now been resolved.
Resolved issue where the user couldn't set alt_interval The user couldn't save a subscription that used alternative intervals because of invalid values. This is now solved.
August 18, 2021
Release Candidate - available to selected users only
Bug fixes
Fixed an installer error for the workflow migration script PHP environment errors could show up in the installer log during the execution of the workflow migration script. This has been resolved
Added cleanup steps to uninstaller to remove PSQL and RabbitMQ traces
Hidden scrollbar preview Resolved issue where the scrollbar wasn't visible in a Transcript Preview.
Fixed an issue with environments and global variables in Transformer scripts Attempting to use different environments, and the global variables within them, in a transformer script may have caused an error and the script to fail. This has now been fixed.
Workflow status Resolved an issue where the GUI could crash because of an invalid status state
July 26, 2021
Release Candidate - available to selected users only
New features
Implemented account lockout strategy User accounts will now get locked out for 15 minutes after 5 consecutive failed login attempts.
Account names are now set by the latest date seen Previously, when preparing reports account names were set based on the last data to be processed, even if that data was older than that used to originally set the account name. Now, when accounts are being synchronised during the report preparation process, names will only be updated if the data being processed is newer than that which was used to last set or update the name.
Increased calculation precision in Transformer scripts The precision of calculations in Transformer scripts has been increased to 14 decimal places.
Added new log files to the log rotation policy Log files generated by the Notification component and by the new Scheduler component are included in the log rotation policy.
Added the option to run a workflow for a date range When running a workflow manually, you can now choose to run it for a date range, not only for a single date. When running against a date range the steps are executed individually for each day in that range.
Redesign of the Data Pipelines > Workflows screen Complete overhaul of the Workflows page, improving the configuration user experience for individual steps and making it easier to review associated step logs.
Added a cascading DELETE parameter to the API
API now supports a new cascade: boolean
query parameter. This parameter, if true, will allow the severing of non-nullable relationships and will remove the related record afterwards. This new parameter specifically applies to the workflowstep and workflowschedule endpoints.
Data aware report filters Report filters only show entities available in the selected reporting date range
Highly available scheduler The scheduler has been rewritten to support the new message bus architecture and has the ability to run on multiple nodes at the same time.
Creating a new report now requires the "all accounts" permission Only users that have access to all accounts will be able to create new reports. This avoids situations where a user could previously create a new report that was not visible after creation.
API support for changing user login method It is now possible to change an existing users authentication method to local, LDAP or SAML2. Currently this is only supported by invoking the the REST API.
Changed behaviour of logout when Single Sign-On is configured Exivity now allows the logout endpoint (SLO endpoint) to remain unconfigured, in which case the user will be logged out only from the application, not from the entire Single Sign-On environment.
Budget notification
Summary report notification Users can now choose to receive a pre-defined report in either CSV or PDF format through a notification
File available notification
Admin managed notifications Admin users and users with the manage_users permissions now have the ability to add notification channels and subscriptions to other users. This allows admin users to grant users subscriptions to notification types they would otherwise not have.
Minimum commitment and Adjustments included in cost summary subtotals Details of minimum commitments and adjustments are now included in the cost summary subtotals for service categories.
Webhook notification channel Allow webhooks as notification channel, forwarding the original event as JSON payload to a custom webhook URL
Implement internal communications between components using RabbitMQ message broker This allows for improved multi-node setups
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with manually created accounts When creating accounts manually in the GUI, on occasion an account could be created which did not fit correctly into the account hierarchy. This has now been fixed.
Fixed and issue with updating account names When preparing a report, it could be that some account names were not updated when they should have been. This has now been fixed.
Fixed saving service resources including 'budgetitems' relationship
When saving a service resource including the budgetitems
relationship, an error was returned. This has been fixed and the relationship between service and budgetitems works both ways.
Fixed an issue with some combinations of HTTP methods in extractors In extractor scripts, making an HTTP DELETE request could cause subsequent HTTP calls to continue to use the DELETE method even if another method was specified. This has now been fixed.
Added the 'notificationsubscription' relationship for a user entity
When requesting a user entity, the notificationsubscription
relationship can now be included in the response.
Audit screen freeze Fixed an issue where the audit screen could become unresponsive
Fix Publish Report notification
The clear
option for the account field now works.
Fix state update adjustments Fixed an issue where a field wouldn't be updated when commuting to the next resource.
Subscription inherited rates Fixed some incorrect behavior with rate inheritance on the subscription management screen
Removed the limit of CSV files that could be open at once in extractor scripts Previously, a maximum of 16 CSV files could be open for writing in extractor scripts. This limit has now been removed and any number of CSV files can be open simultaneously
Fix decimal inputs Fixed an issue where an input would not accept a decimal value with leading zero.
Lookup file Fixed an issue where switching between lookup files wouldnt cause the screen to be updated
Show manually created service Solved an issue where manually created services where not visible before a browser refresh
Disclaimer modal Fixed an issue where the disclaimer had to be dismissed twice
Fixed an issue with compound MSSQL statements in extractors where the first statement is not a SELECT
Usually, SQL statements executed in an extractor script are based around some form of SELECT. However in some cases more complex compound statements are required. Previously, a statement using a temporary table in MS SQL server, such as ...
CREATE TABLE #jos(Name char(20)) INSERT INTO #jos (teller) VALUES ('2') SELECT * FROM #jos;
... would not return any results, as the INSERT statement returns an empty result set. Extractors now ignore empty result sets in such statements and return the first result set that is not empty (assuming there is any data returned by the query at all).
Fixed an issue with transformer scripts when importing data with non-escaped quotes Importing data with non-escaped quotes could sometimes cause Transformer scripts to fail. This has now been fixed.
Fixed types for returned attributes When accessing various endpoints, id attributes were returned as integers instead of strings. This was fixed to comply with JSON:API specifications.
Fixed incorrect display of date fields in slack notifications When a slack notification was sent, the date of the notification was wrongly set to sometime in the future
Fixed incorrect display of extra HTML tags in emails When emails are sent, some HTML tags were shown as text in the email body
Fixed an issue with encoding of double quotes when exporting account data as CSV
Fixed long delay when displaying a large number of budgets when including reports
Fixed an issue with displaying workflow start date in dashboard Previously the start date of a workflow was displayed incorrectly in the Workflow dashboard widget
Fixed an issue with creating adjustments There was a problem where the GUI did not allow the creating of adjustments that had a non-integar amount. This has now been fixed.
Fixed a divide-by-zero error on reports In corner cases where the final chargeable quantity for all line-items on a report is 0, a divide-by-zero error would occur. This has now been fixed.
Fixed the description of the 'Budget' permission This permission only provides access to the Budget report. In the previous version, the description of this group permission contained false information.
Fixed an issue when configuring a Budget for a leaf node
If a leaf node in the budget structure has the distribution set to even
or account
, the Budget engine generated a false warning that an amount for the node is left undistributed. This has now been resolved.
March 22, 2021
New features
February 24, 2021
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with SAML user account access provisioning Previously, user account access provisioning would grant access to a matching account, including all its child accounts. With this release, the SAML user account access provisioning only grants a user access to the first matching account (i.e. with the lowest depth) in the account hierarchy.
Fixed an issue where reports could become invalid for certain user account permission configurations
Revolved a race condition related to preparing a report On rare occasions the actions of multiple users administering accounts and reports simultaneously could result in duplicate charges in reports. This has now been fixed.
Fixed a very rare issue with minimum commit Resolved an issue whereby it was possible on extremely rare occasions for the minimum commit calculations applied to one service to be incorrectly applied also to other services in a report.
December 08, 2020
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with PDF export of the summary report In certain environments, the PDF export feature was broken. This issue has now been resolved.
Default SAML user group re-applied when a user logs in An issue has been resolved which caused the default user group to be re-applied when existing users were logging in through a SAML Identity Provider.
November 17, 2020
New features
Executing a Reports now requires a valid license
Bug fixes
Fixed a minor issue with the calendar widget
Fixed a minor issue with the SAML SLS endpoint
Fixed an issue with custom rates and subscriptions
Sometimes a subscription would not reflect changes in custom rates for a service. This has now been fixed.
November 02, 2020
Due to security considerations, starting with this release, each user is bound to the logon provider set in the source attribute. E.g. if a user has their source set to 'local', they can't log in with the SAML2 or LDAP SSO provider.
New features
Improved user provisioning (beta) Added options to provision user attributes from a SAML Identity Provider/AD response. It's possible to provision the users display name, username and email address.
Added claims based account access provisioning (beta) Added options to provision users permission levels using attributes from a SAML Identity Provider/AD. It's possible to provision both the usergroup and user account access (by matching either the account key or metadata value to a SAML/AD response attribute).
Bug fixes
Change to log filenames for extractors and transformers When scheduling extractors and transformers with workflows, the selected environment is now part of the log filename to distinguish their log files when they are running at the same time.
Fixed opening curly brace detection When opening curly brace wasn't preceded by space, sometimes it wasn't properly processed. It has been fixed
Improved error message on lookups screen Fixed an issue where a user might get a confusing error message when saving a lookup file.
Fixes initializing directories in home directory There was a bug when the home directories were initially created and two directories were wrongly created in the /home directory.
Improved support for UTF-8 in usernames
October 09, 2020
New features
Added support for the Safari web browser
Exivity now supports the Safari web browser
Added ability to set custom escape character in Transformer Previewer Added a dropdown to the transformer previewer where the client can select which escape character to use during Transformer preview mode
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with the Dataset Manager Resolved regression issues regarding the display of RDF dates
Fixed an issue with report filters There was a bug if a user accidentally submits a string instead of a number on filtering 'parent_account_id' with report. This is now being fixed
Fixed an issue with displaying workflow start times in the workflow list The time column of the workflow list omitted the hour at which the workflow would run for daily and monthly workflows
Resolve global variables in "uri" statement
In some statements (i.e. uri
) global variables weren't properly resolved. This has now been fixed
Fixed an issue with COGS charges for services with an average monthly charge model COGS charges for monthly services that used the average charge model could be slightly lower than they should be, as the COGS rate for the first day seen was not factored into the rate averaging. This has now been fixed
Fixed an issue when managing rates An aggregation_level error could occur when updating rates. This has now been resolved.
September 30, 2020
Bug fixes
Improved error message when creating invalid revision When creating a duplicate rate revision for the same effective date, an appropriate error message is now shown
Improved error message for LDAP Added a more meaningful message when unable to connect to an LDAP server
Service Category names must be unique It was possible to have duplicate service category names. This could lead to confusion and has now been resolved. The Service Category name must now be unique
Resolved a timezone offset issue for Workflows Resolved an issue where timezones were incorrectly applied when creating workflows
Resolved an issue with the Reports menu Fixed an issue where the report screen would crash after selecting multiple reports
September 9, 2020
Bug fixes
Increased the boundaries of some USE arithmetical operations
The operators +=, -=, *= and /= were limited to a 32-bit range and this could cause an overflow in certain real-world applications. The range has now been increased to match that of the other arithmentical operations which is based on the range of a 64-bit floating point value: 1.7E +/- 308 (up to 15 digits).
Fixed an issue where the CSV export of the instance report could fail The CSV export of the instance report did not work when the usage column was included and some of the instances did not have any usage data
One-off subscriptions should ignore the charge_day field Only recurring subscriptions require the "charge day" field, but it was required for all subscriptions. This has now been fixed
Fixed a decimal precision issue with the timeline graph The Y-axis of the timeline sometimes displayed long floats. To resolve this the precision has been fixed to two decimals
Fix for "space" as thousand separator It is possible to select different symbols as a thousand separator for large numbers shown to users. One of the options, space (" "), was not saving correctly. This has now been resolved
Fix error handling transformer Fixed an issue where it was possible that a failed transformer error was not processed properly which prevented the transformer from giving the user feedback
Added index to speed-up report preparation
During report preparation, Edify executes several queries to the adj_lookup
table. An index has been adding to this table to improve performance
September 1, 2020
Quantity and Charge Adjustment are now handled in strict order As of this release, quantity adjustments are applied first and before any charge related adjustments. This in turn enables the ordering of individual adjustment policies.
Implemented translations settings (Beta) Implemented an automatic translation feature for Dutch, German, and French. This can be configured on a system or user level. Currently, this is released as a beta feature.
Delete old Nginx log files Old Nginx log files will now be deleted by the garbage collector. This will help reduce disk space.
Improve user error page Updated the error page to improve user experience. Customer logo will now be shown here, if it has been set.
Adjustment API endpoint will now accept order In the past, there was no way to reorder adjustments. Users had to delete and recreate them to do this. This has now been solved. The order field now takes in an order number. If this is not used, the current functionality will still work, using the creating date instead.
Reports can now include adjustment name The adjustment name can now be added to a report. This is useful for report users that do not have access to view the whole adjustment.
Support in UI for changing the order in which Adjustments are applied Since it is possible to create multiple Adjustments for a single account, they may affect each other. It is therefore desirable to have the ability to control the order in which they are applied. As of this version, it is possible to change the order in which Adjustments are applied.
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue when partial preparing manual services When partial prepare kicks in, it previously skipped manual services. This has now been resolve.
Fixed SAML ACS invalid schema error
Some users were experiencing an Invalid Schema bug when accessing the /v1/auth/saml/acs
endpoint. This has now been fixed.
Fixes "Nginx Log File" not found error The location of some log files could not be found. This has been resolved.
Improved invalid token
handling
Changed how this error is logged. It will now be treated as a notice instead of a warning.
Fixed an issue with running transformers
In release 3.2.0 there was a problem running transformers from the GUI. This has now been fixed.
July 21, 2020
Bug fixes
Premature validation warning
Resolved an issue where a user could get a premature validation error for certain input fields.
Fixed an issue with the budget report
With certain budget configurations, the budget report would display a message instead of the report even if the budget configuration was valid. This has now been resolved.
Improved user message when execution time is exceeded
Improved the message when the execution time of an Extractor, Transformer or Report is being exceeded
Fixed an issue with budget leaf account distribution When configuring a budget for a budget leaf, the distribution setting will be forced to be of the type "shared"
Fixed an issue when deleting services Previously it wasn't possible to delete a service if it still had any associated rates. This behavior has now been corrected so that services including its relationships will be deleted
Fixed an issue with the Garbage collector exits code The Garbage collector would previously always return an exit code of 259 when invoked manually. This has been resolved
Fixed an issue where subscriptions could show up on more than one report In some cases, a subscription (created for an account associated with a specific report) could be shown when a different report was run. This has now been fixed
Fixed graph image export When exporting a graph chart (i.e. Pie, Bar, Line) in any of the reports (Accounts, Services Instances) the file download would not start. This has now been resolved
Restored indicators for account access list Pencil-like indicators will inform the user where nested accounts have been selected. This functionality was unintentionally removed from the user management screen but has been placed back
Horizon performance improvements Implemented two seperate changes to improve Horizon budget execution performance. (1) budget gets validated only once after a budget configuration change and (2) added a new database index to improve database query execution
Always show decimal values Resolved an issue where some values would be displayed using their scientific notation
Resolved issue when deleting services Fixed an issue where the user would get an error when making multiple delete requests for services
July 3, 2020
New features
Ability to skip database backup when updating When updating the software, the user can now skip the PostgreSQL database backup to improve update speed
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with the webproxy.conf proxy_pass URL
When updating the software, the proxy_pass URL for the webproxy.conf NGINX configuration was always reverted back to https://127.0.0.1:8002. This has now been resolved
June 28, 2020
New features
Improved auditing when managing accounts manually Added a number of new audit points when performing manual account management
Auditing token creation correctly logs client IP address when API is behind a proxy server
Updating user profile information now requires providing the current password
Implemented current password validation A user is now required to enter his/her current password before any changes to its profile are applied
Added logging audit entries for metadata, service subscriptions, and budgets
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue where some users could select budgets even if it would not contain any details
Fixed an issue which sometimes caused the workflows screen to load for a long time A resource-intensive operation that ran whenever the workflow page is visited got removed
getCUPRs function ported to PSQL getCUPRs function was changed from using SQLite global DB to PSQL global DB
Mitigated a potential security issue (internal reference EXVT-3773)
Fixed an issue were sometimes log files would appear malformed in the Transformer run tab
Reverted the way a user deletes an RDF
Fixed form behavior in rates screen
Fixed "other" option behavior at services
Fix report filter When switching reports, some of the filters were not reset and appeared unused while they actually held a value not related to the currently selected report. This made the reports appear empty. This has been resolved.
When the API runs out of memory (possible for very large reports) it will respond with a descriptive message
Incorrect display of minimum_commit_delta_charge and minimum_commit_delta_quantity When a minimum commit quantity was set for a service rate revision, the resulting charges could show up incorrectly by having the quantity and minimum commit delta swapped on the reports
May 26, 2020
Bug fixes
Fixed issue at /lookups where in specific cases an error was undefined
Fixed issue where user was shown an incorrect validation warning When providing a number with more then one decimal, the user interface would show an error message. This has been resolved.
Added cache check in partial preparation There was an issue that partial preparation code didn't check for cache table presence before analysis, which caused execution errors, and it has been fixed.
Fixed escape
option behaviour in 'import' There was an error that '\"' sequence was always treated as escaped quoted even when 'escape' option switched off (default), it has been fixed.
Rate revision date never changes Transcript was trying to change rate revision date when it detects an attempt to create new revision with the same attributes but earlier date, which conflicted with database constraint, so it was removed in order to avoid execution errors.
Fixed issue where line breaks were not shown When providing an address for the summary report with multiple new lines, only the first would be shown. This has been resolved.
Fixed undefined tool tip at workflows The was a column which showed a tool tip with undefined as value. This has been resolved.
Select a single date for transformer run After introduction of a new calendar, the single date selection was missing. This has now been resolved.
Services and categories at subscriptions are now alphabetically sorted
Fixed an issue where dataset columns were missing After repreparing a report, the columns associated with a dataset were not visible. This has been resolved.
Fixed visibility newly created dataset When running a transcript, newly created datasets were only visible after refresh. This has been resolved.
Show red underline when incorrect value for textarea input
Show correct validation values when saving environment
When saving an environment, we will now show the correct error messages for missing values.
April 30, 2020
New features
New feature: Workflows widget When Beta features are enabled, a new Workflow traffic-light widget will be shown on the main Dashboard page.
Added more information to the summary report The summary report now contains the following additional columns: service_key, account keys (between 1 and 5 inclusive depending on the report), start_date, end_date. These columns are also included in CSV exports.
Improved quoting in exported CSVs To avoid potential complications with Excel, any cell values in CSVs exported from Exivity that are not numbers and begin with any of the characters =,+,- or @ are now preceded with a single quote.
A new setting has been added to allow users to stay logged in. If disabled (default), users need to log in each time they open Exivity in their browser.
Administrators can now set the token lifetime. When the token lifetime expires, users need to log in again.
Added ability for users to log out of all devices.
Mitigated a potential security issue (internal reference EXVT-3457)
Mitigated a potential security issue (internal reference: EXVT-3455)
Mitigated a potential security issue (internal reference EXVT-3270)
Implemented a new charge model for monthly services The charge for a monthly services may now be based on the usage of a specific day in the month.
Improvements in report performance Reports are now pre-loaded in the database which speeds up report loading times in the GUI.
Added support for LDAP authentication LDAP authentication was available as beta feature already, and is now generally available. A guide will be added to our documentation soon. Configuration options are available in the Settings screen (Single sign-on tab).
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with manage_metadata_definitions Granting the "Manage Metadata" permission is now possible when creating a security group
Fixed an edge case for incorrect net value on accounts table Whenever cogs or charge had 0 as value the net value wouldn't be displayed correctly on the details table of the accounts report.
Fixed an issue when creating a manual service Manual per unit cogs type services will not require cogs column
Fixed invalid format issue metadata lists Previously empty lines we're persisted as list option. Options are now trimmed and validated before persisting.
The API now requires additional attributes for certain service types
Fixed a small issue with the metadata selector in the report management screen
Removed toolbar from PDF export The Summary report PDF export included the toolbar on the top of every page of the PDF document. This has now been removed.
Fixed an Extractor XML parsing issue USE could previously fail when iterating over an empty XML node inside a foreach loop. This has now been resolved.
Fixed modified display issue in Accounts Overview When switching from Account Name to Account Key in the Accounts Overview screen, the modified state / pencil icon disappeared previously. This has now been resolved.
Fixed an issue when scrolling in the Accounts Overview When having a large amount of Accounts in a report definition, the Accounts Overview screen could generate cosmetic glitches when scrolling
Fixed a Transformer issue with skip_corrupted_records
When import option skip_corrupted_records
was set, import could fail if last column in the record is missing closing quote. This has been resolved.
Fixed a Transformer issue with aggregate When using the aggregate max function, Transcript could pick the wrong value.
Fixed a false warning about invalid COGS type in the logfile
When preparing reports, in some cases a lot of warnings would appear in the logfile that state:
Invalid cogs_type (0) in database for service ID nnn
where "nnn" is a service ID. This was a false warning and could be ignored but looked concerning and could lead to larger logfiles.
This issue has now been fixed.
Removed "remainder" option from lowest level accounts when setting budgets When a budget is set for an account at the deepest report level, the "remainder" option is no longer shown, as there are no sibling accounts to share the budget with.
Fixed an issue where (harmless) SQL errors could be logged when deleting services When deleting services, SQL errors could be present in the logfile for days where reports that reference those services had not been prepared. This has now been fixed.
Please ensure to read and understand all subjects that are mentioned here. Implement the suggested changes (where applicable) before upgrading to version 3 to avoid unexpected behavior.
Upgrading to a v3.x.x will require upgrading to version v2.10.x first. The installer will verify this and displays a warning when this requirement is not satisfied.
The biggest single change is the use of a new database engine powering all application state, audit logs and processed report data. Upgrading to this new database engine is transparent and the installer will take care of installing the database server as part of the regular installation process. After or during upgrade, it is possible to leverage an .
In version 2.x.x there were only two Exivity Services installed:
With Exivity version 3.0.0 up to version 3.4.3, assuming all components are installed on a single host system, there was a total of 4 different services:
As of version 3.5.0, the following Exivity services are to be considered when all components are deployed on a single host, there will be 7 different services:
In case you were using a service account in Exivity version 2.x.x for the Exivity Scheduling Service and the Exivity Web Service, you will have to reconfigure this service account for both services, as well as the Exivity API Service. In most cases, the Exivity Database Service may continue to run un the Local System account.
In case your current Exivity version 2.x.x installation runs inside an Active/Passive Windows Cluster, you will need to re-register the Cluster Roles for the Exivity Scheduling Service. Additionally, a new Cluster Role should be created for the Exivity Database Service, in case you decide to not use an external database host.
In v2.x.x, the default port for the Exivity GUI was 8001 and 8002 for the Proximity API. Both services were already available through port 443 (the default port used for https traffic, which means clients don't have to explicitly specify the port) and in v3.x.x this will be used by default:
As of Exivity version 3 more strict security settings are applied by default. These can be found under Administration > Settings. One important item which should be considered when upgrading a multi node environment, is the use of CORS. It is required to list all possible front end UI nodes in the CORS origins field:
Previously, it would only check for files in the system
and exported
folders within the Exivity home directory, and if a specified path + filename did not start with system/
or exported/
then these would be prepended automatically before the check as done.
This behaviour has been changed in the following ways in v3.x.x:
Any path + filename within the Exivity home directory can now be checked
path + filenames are now accepted and treated as being relative to the Exivity home directory
The folders system/
and exported/
are no longer automatically prepended
Consider a file somefile.csv
in the %EXIVITY_HOME_PATH%/exported
folder. Previously with version 2.x.x a user could check for the existence of this file using the following example:
In version 3 it is required to include the entire path relative to the %EXIVITY_HOME_PATH%
:
This change may require modifications to existing Transformer scripts. This is because system
and exported
will no longer be automatically prepended.
The default behaviour of the HTTP subsystem in USE was changed to fully validate server SSL certificates, which may cause some USE scripts to fail. This typically applies to data Extractors, which are connecting to on premise data sources that use self signed SSL certificated. In version 2.x.x, the default behavior was to ignore these certificate errors. You can identify these errors in your Extractor logs:
The above will apply to all of your Data Extractors where you are connecting to (most likely internal) data sources which are using self signed certificates. Make sure to apply this change before upgrading to v3 to avoid any data extraction errors.
There are some minor changes in the GUI which are not backwards-compatible:
We removed the Excel export options from the reports. They were using the CSV format under the hood (i.e. they never actually produced valid Excel worksheets). In the future, we plan to implement proper Excel export formats for the reports, including a full summary report Excel export.
Due to changes to the processing of reports, when making changes to either services, rates or adjustments, associated reports should be prepared. In v2.x.x this was already required when making changes to services or rates. Since v3.x.x this will be also required when making changes to adjustments. We've planned further improvements making this more transparent (i.e. handling preparation of reports automatically in the background).
Some endpoints were returning dates and timestamps in different formats. This has been normalised in such a way that all responses use the same serialisation for dates and timestamps:
A date is always represented as ISO-8601 string: "yyyy-mm-dd"
, e.g. "2020-01-29"
A date/time is always represented as ISO-8601 string in UTC: "yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssZ"
, e.g. "2020-01-29T11:26:52Z"
. Note that the Z suffix denotes the UTC time standard.
This affects the responses (attributes) for the following group of API endpoints:
/v1/audit
created_at
/v1/budgetrevisions
effective_from
/v1/dsets
earliest_rdf
latest_rdf
rdf_detail.created
rdf_detail.updated
/v1/extractors
last_modified
/v1/log
created
lines.date
/v1/reports
data_status.first_date
data_status.last_date
data_status.status.date
/v1/services
created_at
updated_at
/v1/transformers
last_modified
/v1/workflows
created_at
updated_at
/v1/workflowschedules
start_time
next_run
/v1/reports/{id}/run
endpointThe JSON format in the response is simplified. See examples below.
This is an example response from v2.x.x:
This is an example response from v3.x.x:
/v1/usergroups
endpointRemoved deprecated permission aliases.
upload_files
(use manage_files
instead)
manage_configuration
(use manage_settings
instead)
manage_system
(use manage_settings
instead)
/v1/reports/{id}/run
endpointFunctionality deprecated in v2.x.x has been removed. If you were relying on any of the following functionality, please use the suggested replacement instead:
The pdf/invoice
option for the format
query parameter has been removed. Please use pdf/summary
instead.
The invoice_options
query parameter has been removed in favour of summary_options
.
/v1/configuration
endpointConfiguration keys prefixed with INVOICE_
are replaced by respective keys prefixed with SUMMARY_
.
/v1/workflowsteplogs
endpointAlso relevant to other endpoints including workflowsteplogs
.
Removed the last_log attribute. Include the last log by specifying the query parameters include=steplogs&related[steplogs][limit]=1&related[steplogs][sort]=-start_ts
.
Removed the timestamp
attribute. Use start_timestamp
instead.
Removed the message
attribute. Use a combination of status
and output
instead.
/v1/file
endpointOnly applicable to POST
requests to this endpoint.
The filename
in the response from this endpoint will no longer include the import/
prefix to better align for other requests in this endpoint. See example below.
/v1/usergroups
endpointThe following permissions has been removed in favour of their new counterparts:
UPLOAD_FILES
has become MANAGE_FILES
MANAGE_CONFIGURATION
has become MANAGE_SETTINGS
MANAGE_SYSTEM
has become MANAGE_SETTINGS
In Exivity Services can be anything that corresponds to a SKU or sellable item from your Service Catalogue. It should relate to a consumption record (or multiple records) from your extracted data sources.
For example: with most public cloud providers, the provider defines the chargeable items that are shown on the end of month invoice. However, when working through a Managed Services Provider, a Cloud Services Provider or a System Integrator, additional services can be sold on top of those. Potentially, you may want to apply an uplift to the rate or charge a fixed amount of money every month for a certain service. Different scenario's are possible here, it all depends on your business logic.
A service is a named item with associated rates and/or costs used to calculate a charge that appears on a report, where rates represent revenue and costs represent overheads.
When discussing services and their related charges a number of terms are required. Exivity uses the following terminology in this regard:
If the task does not complete successfully then the service definitions cached in memory are discarded, the expectation being that the task will be re-run after the error condition that caused it to fail has been rectified and the services will be written to the global database at that time.
There are different types of charge that can be associated with a service. Collectively these influence the total charge(s) shown on the report and Exivity supports the following charge types as described in the Terminology table above:
unit rate
COGS rate
At least one of these charge types must be associated with a service definition.
Once the resulting charge has been calculated based on the charge types, it may be further modified through the application of adjustments, proration and minimum commit (all of which are detailed later in this article).
In order to calculate the charge(s) associated with usage of a service Exivity needs to know the period of time for which each payment is valid. For example a Virtual Machine may have a daily cost associated with it, in which case using it multiple times in a single day counts as a single unit of consumption whereas Network Bandwidth may be chargeable per Gigabyte and each gigabyte transferred is charged as it occurs.
The charge interval (also termed simply interval) for a service can be one of the following:
individually - the charge for a service is applied every time a unit of the service is consumed, with no regard for a charging interval
daily - the charge is applied once per day
monthly - the charge is applied once per calendar month
Monthly services may be charged in different ways:
For each day of the month, a 'candidate' charge is calculated using Quantity * Unit Rate
. The monthly charge will reflect the day of the month which resulted in the highest charge.
In the event that multiple days share the same highest charge then that charge will be associated with the first of those days seen, unless a subsequent day in that set has a higher quantity, in which case the charge will be associated with that subsequent day.
The average unit rate for those days where usage was seen in the month is calculated, and multiplied by the average quantity for each day in the month. When calculating the average quantity, any days for which there was no consumption are factored in as having a quantity of 0.
If Average Charging is applied in combination with proration, then the resulting average unit price as shown on reports may be less than you expect to see. This is because the average unit price as shown on the reports is calculated using charge / average_quantity
and proration will reduce the charge if there was no consumption on one or more days of the month, resulting in a lower average unit price.
The charge is based on the quantity consumed on a specific day of the month.
The charge is based on the quantity consumed on the last day of the month.
The minimum commit is the minimum number of units of consumption that are charged every interval, or (in the case of services with an interval of individually) every time the service is used. If fewer units than the minimum commit are actually consumed then the service will be charged as if the minimum commit number of units had been used.
After the charge for usage of a monthly service has been determined, it may be prorated by modifying that charge based on the frequency of the usage.
This process will reduce the charge based on the number of days within the month that the service was used. For example if consumption of a service with a monthly charge interval was only seen for 15 days within a 30 day calendar month then the final charge will be 1/2 of the monthly charge.
A service definition comprises two categories of information:
The service - Metadata describing fixed attributes of the service such as its name, description, group, interval, proration and charge type(s)
The rate revision - Information detailing the charge type(s) associated with the service (the rate and COGS values) and additional information detailing the date(s) for which those values should be applied
The following tables summarize the data members that comprise each of these categories:
The rate_col and cogs_col are used when the specific value to use is derived at report-time from the usage data, as opposed to explicitly being included in the rate revision itself.
A service may have any number of associated rate revisions so long as they have different effective_date or minimum commit values. This means that a service can have different charges applied depending on the date that the report is to be generated for, or depending on the specific values in the columns used by a report.
A service may use either or both of rate and cogs.
Either of rate or cogs may have a value of 0.0, in which case no charges will be leveraged against the service but the units of consumption will still be shown on reports.
This page lists known issues with the latest version of Exivity. All isues that are resolved and released are mentioned under the Releases section
All versions of Exivity
When creating two Absolute Discount Adjustment Policies, where both Policies apply to the same Account, Service and date Period, there is a chance of generating negative charges for the services where both Adjustment Policies apply to as can be seen in the following screenshot:
The current workaround is to avoid stacking multiple Absolute Adjustments for each unique Account + Service combination. Instead, try to combine them within a single Adjustment Policy
Status
This issue is currently being resolved (internal reference: EXVT-<TBD>
) and will be included with the release after version 3.5.7.
Exivity versions 3.5.0 till 3.5.6
When installing or upgrading to version 3.5.0 - 3.5.6, when installing RabbitMQ on the local system, the initial configuration values are incorrectly populated:
To work around this issue, you may uncheck the checkbox Install Local RabbitMQ Engine
and then check the same checkbox again. The values will now be correctly populated.
In case you have already executed the upgrade progress and your system is broken, you will need to change the config.json
to align the mq settings:
Status
This issue is currently being resolved (internal reference: EXVT-5042
) and will be included with the 3.5.7 release.
Exivity versions 3.5.0 till 3.5.5
When a new Adjusmtent Discount policy is created, it will be created as a Premium policy instead. To confirm this behavior, when refreshing the screen they will show up as Premium:
In order to create a discount policy in version 3.5.5, use the API interface to create one.
Status
This issue is resolved with the 3.5.6 release.
Exivity versions 3.5.0 and higher
When running the installer, an error could popup where the installer is unable to update certain files such as the erlsrv.exe executable:
This issue occurs when Windows or a 3rd party application locks this file. This can happen with certain monitoring and anti-virus software. In the example given above, the solution would be temproraly stopping the Windows Event Log service, as shown in the screenshot below:
After stopping the service, click the Retry button in the installer.
All version of Exivity
When configuring a prorated monthly service, and then applying a relative quantity discount (adjustment), in certain cases the total charge can be less than 0 resulting in a credit. Although this might be an unusual configuration and might not always happen, it is important to be aware of this behavior.
This issue is pending. (internal reference: EXVT-1337)
Exivity version 3.5.0 and higher
Some Anti-Virus software vendors (specifically: McAfee and APEX) incorrectly flag the Exivity binary merlin.exe as a backdoor/trojan horse. As a result, the Exivity Backend Service might not be able to start as shown in the example below:
The Windows event viewer may display the following error (depending on your A/V vendor):
Response by certain A/V vendors:
[merlin.exe] is detected by [a coupe of] AV's as a BackDoor as it's functionality is very similar and malware authors can use this to their own advantage to compromise systems and gather sensitive system information.
We also understand that [merlin.exe] can be used for legitimate purposes and therefore we will change the classification of the sample submitted to PUP. This way will be able to exclude detection through our scanner configuration but at the same time we are still protecting our customers who may be not be aware of this software running on their systems.
Hence if you want to allow this application in your environment kindly exclude it by detection name.
General Exivity product announcements.
Click on in the region associated with the S3 bucket containing your CUR files (this tutorial uses Ireland (eu-west-1) for ilustrative purposes, but all the supported regions work in the same way).
Select the column(s) by which you would like to break down the costs (you can start with only project_name as a test). Once you have created the report, you should then click the Prepare Report button after first making sure you have selected a valid date selector shown when preparing the report.
Select the column(s) by which you would like to break down the costs. Once you have created the report, you should then click the Prepare Report button after first making sure you have selected a valid date selector shown when preparing the report.
Usage data generation based on consumption start/stop events Added functionality to produce usage data from consumption start/stop/update events, including the consumption which spans several days. See in Transform documentation for details.
Fixed a rare cosmetic issue when updating rates in ETL When executing a '' statement in a Transformer, if there was an existing service rate revision with a different rate for the same effective date as a new revision then an error containing the text "incorrect binary data format" would be logged. This issue was cosmetic, but has now been fixed.
Fixed charges no longer available As of version 3.1.0, we're removing (or: interval-based charges) because of the limited amount of use cases and low customer adoption with this feature. In case you are an Exivity customer and are still using this service parameter, please reach out to so we can provide you with alternative solutions.
New feature: Subscriptions When Beta features are enabled, users can now create one-off and recurring daily, monthly or yearly for services for which a metered data source is not available.
New feature: Global Variables When Beta features are enabled, users can now manage under System Administration. This enables users to decouple Extractor and Transformer variable values from scripts thus supporting different values on a per Exivity instance basis without changing underlying scripts.
New feature: Metadata for Services Metadata can now be added to all services just like with accounts. Define a definition first, then attach the definition to a dataset in Data pipelines > . All services in this dataset will now use this set of metadata fields. Metadata information itself can be added and modified in Services > Overview and is available in the services reports.
Increased rounding of set to match calculate statement The Transformer and statemets now have had their rounding precision increased to 12 decimal places.
Older release notes can be found .
This is achieved by shipping a web proxy configuration for nginx, which routes all requests starting with /v1/
to port 8002 and all other requests to port 8001. The recommended configuration is to not expose port 8001 to the public and only accept incoming traffic on port 443. Port 8002 may still be opened to external hosts, typically in a configuration where the Web and API/Backend components are deployed . In such a scenario it is advisable to allow communication from the .
Multiple hosts including https://
may be added, while seperating each URL using a ,
(comma) symbol. Wildcards may also be used as part of the hostname to match multiple URL's in one go such as: https://*.cors.exivity.io
. An overview of all current security policies can be found .
The and functions in Transcript have been modified in a manner which may require changes to scripts that use them.
It is highly recommended to use valid SSL certificates, properly signed by a trusted CA (Certificate Authority). However it is still possible to switch certificate validation off by specifying in an Extractor script before executing an HTTP request.
In version 2.x.x it was still possible to schedule an Extractor or Transformer from the editor screen. This feature is removed from version 3.x.x. In case you still have schedules which are configured thru this interface, you should Unschedule these and create an approperiate instead.
Removed functionality which would take a custom API port from the #port=xxx location hash parameter on the login screen. Specifying a custom API port (and hostname) is still possible by on your system.
When created during the ETL process, service definitions are created via the statement in Transcript. During the execution of a Transcript task, service definitions created by these statements are cached in memory. Once the task has completed successfully, the cached services are written to the where they remain indefinitely (or until such time as they are manually deleted).
Although hourly charge intervals are not currently supported directly, it is possible to charge per hour by hourly records and using the EXIVITY_AGGR_COUNT
column created during the process to determine the units of hourly consumption as a result.
A service definition is associated with a specific as the units of consumption are retrieved from a column (named in the service definition itself) in usage data.
RDF, rate_type and cogs_type are automatically derived from the parameters provided to the and statements
Parameter
Description
Default
/EXIVITY_PROGRAM_PATH
Path to Exivity program files
C:\Exivity\program
/EXIVITY_HOME_PATH
Path to Exivity home files
C:\Exiivty\home
/ADMIN_USER
Exivity admin user
admin
/ADMIN_PASSWORD
Exivity admin password
exivity
/PGUSER
PostgreSQL user
postgres
/PGPASSWORD
PostgreSQL password
randomized
/PGHOST
Hostname for PostgreSQL server
localhost
/PGPORT
Port of PostgreSQL server
5432
/PGSSLMODE
Disable or require PostgreSQL SSL communication
disable
/PGDATABASE
Exivity database on PostgreSQL server
exdb
/PGDATA
Location of PostgreSQL data files (only used when installing local database instance)
<exivity_home>\system\pgdata
/PSQL_INSTALLED
1 (install locally) or 0 (do not install)
1
/PROXIMITYHOST
Remote API hostname (required when installing Web component only)
localhost
/PROXIMITYPORT
Remote API port (required when installing Web component only)
8002
/API_INSTALLED
1 (install locally) or 0 (do not install)
1
/SCHEDULER_INSTALLED
1 (install locally) or 0 (do not install)
1
/BACKEND_INSTALLED
1 (install locally) or 0 (do not install)
1
/JOBMAN_INSTALLED
1 (install locally) or 0 (do not install)
1
/MQ_INSTALLED
1 (install locally) or 0 (do not install)
1
/MQHOST
RabbitMQ hostname
localhost
/MQPORT
RabbitMQ port number
5672
/MQSSL
MQ SSL/TLS enabled (1) or disabled (0)
0
/MQUSER
RabbitMQ user account
guest
/MQPASSWORD
RabbitMQ password
guest
/MQVHOST
RabbitMQ virtual host
/
Term | Synonym/Abbreviation | Meaning |
service definition | service | A template defining the manner in which service instances should be charged |
service instance | instance | Consumption of a service, associated with a unique value such as a VM ID, a VM hostname, a resource ID or any other distinguishing field in the usage data |
unit of consumption | unit | The consumption of 1 quantity of a service instance |
charge interval | interval | The period of time that a unit of consumption is charged over (additional units of the same service instance consumed within the charge interval do not increase the resulting charge) |
unit rate | rate | The charge associated with 1 unit of consumption of a service instance in the charge interval |
COGS rate | cogs | (Short for |
charge | A generic term to indicate some money payable by the consumer of service instances to the provider of those instances |
Attribute | Purpose |
key | A unique key (as a textual string) used to identify the service |
description | A user-defined description or label for the service |
group or category | An arbitrary label used to group services together |
unit label | A label for the units of measure, such as 'GB' for storage |
RDF or DSET | The DSET ID of the usage data against which the service is reported |
usage_col | The name of the column in the usage data from which the number of units consumed can be derived |
interval | The charging interval for the service, such as 'daily', 'monthly' etc. |
proration or model | Whether the service is prorated or not |
charge model | (Monthly services only) Whether to use Peak or Average charging for the service |
rate type | Whether the rate is disabled, explicitly specified or derived from the usage data |
cogs type | Whether the COGS rate is disabled, explicitly specified or derived from the usage data |
Field | Description |
rate | The cost per unit of consumption |
rate_col | The name of a column containing the cost per unit of consumption |
cogs | (Short for Cost Of Goods Sold) The cost per unit associated with delivery of the service |
cogs_col | The name of a column containing the COGS cost per unit |
effective_date | A date in |
minimum commit | The minimum commit value for the service (if this is |
March 25, 2020
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue where deleting a metadata definition could remove a dataset metadata entry from the database. No actual data was affected by this bug.
Fixed an issue related to Transformer preview The preview menu could reference an incorrect line number when reporting a Transcript code error.
Fixed an issue when renaming a DSET
If you refered to an incomplete DSET name in a rename
statement, Transformer could crash.
Fixed an escaping error when importing file in a Transfomer
The Transformer escape option doesn’t escape last quote: \“
at the end of a field
Fixed a Transformer issue with skip_corrupted_records
When import option skip_corrupted_records
was set, import could fail if last column in the record is missing closing quote. This has been resolved.
February 03, 2020
New features
Added support for LDAP authentication LDAP authentication was available as beta feature already, and is now generally available. A guide will be added to our documentation soon. Configuration options are available in the Settings screen (Single sign-on tab).
When a user session is about to expire, an option is provided to prolong the session
Added option to specify custom dataset name in transform previewer
Added 'unsaved' warning in extractor/transformer editor A warning is displayed in the toolbar when editing an extractor or transformer and changes are not saved yet.
Added option to run workflow steps in parallel When adding new steps to a workflow, it is possible to uncheck the 'wait' toggle for any given step. This will then run the step simultaneously with the previous step. When the wait toggle remains checked, all previous steps will finish executing before the step is started.
Added ability to search parent account names In the Accounts report, it is now possible to search by parent account names in the 'detailed' table.
Added columns in reports data table Added account and service key as extra columns to the reports 'detailed' table. It is also possible to search for, and export, these values.
Updated Nginx and PHP Updated the Nginx webserver to version 1.17.8 and PHP to version 7.3.14
Custom escape character in extractors The escape statement now accepts an optional escape character to be used instead of the default backslash when escaping quotes in the value of a variable.
Implemented support for JWT web token authentication in extractors In order to support sources that require it, such as Google Cloud using OAuth 2.0, USE now supports the generation of a JSON Web Token. For more information please refer to https://docs.exivity.com/data-pipelines/extract/language/generate_jwt
Search by account / service key In the Accounts and Services overview screens, it is now possible to search by account/service key instead of the name.
View metadata in report data tables Metadata fields can now be selected as optional columns in the Accounts and Services reports' 'detailed' tables. They also appear in search and CSV export.
Added support for Firefox browser
Improved detection of web-app URL This is especially useful in features such as SAML authentication and the sending of notifications (e.g. e-mail). The app URL is auto-detected and can be modified in the Settings screen (System tab).
New permissions added Two new permissions have been added to usergroup settings: Manage metadata definitions and Manage datasets. If a usergroup is set to have all permissions, these new ones will automatically be granted to members of that group.
Added metadata for services Metadata can now be added to all services just like with accounts. Define a metadata definition first, then attach the definition to a dataset in Data pipelines > Datasets. All services in this dataset will now use this set of metadata fields. Metadata information itself can be added and modified in the Services > Overview and is available in the Services reports.
Breakdown information available for monthly services For monthly services, breakdown information is now available in the Instances report 'detailed' table. To view this, make the 'Usage' column visible by clicking the overflow menu > Columns > Usage. The daily usage breakdown for monthly services is available in a pop-up screen.
Added account breadcrumbs in Account report legend
Datasets can now be managed from a dedicated screen Navigate to Data pipelines > Datasets to delete individual days from the set, and to assign a metadata definition to all services in a dataset. We've also made it easier to delete multiple days at once.
Bug fixes
Fixed a small visual issue in the 'about' page
Fixed a rare issue with metadata In some cases, selecting a value from a 'list' type metadata field could lead to a crash, This has been fixed.
Fixed a small visual issue with updating workflow schedules
Fixed a crash on the adjustments screen When no reports are available in the system, the adjustments screen could crash. This is now fixed.
Check for key column presence before correlation The correlation function in Transformers now checks for the existence of the key column in the default DSET. Previously, if the column was missing this resulted in an SQL error being logged. In such cases a clearer error message is now generated.
Improved error reporting when importing non-matched CSVs in a single operation When importing multiple CSV files into a Transformer using a regex to match the filenames, if one had differing columns to the others then an internal error was reported. This is now correctly reported as a normal error as opposed to an internal one.
Sub-directories in the lookup folder are no longer displayed in the Lookup editor
Fixed an issue with services using an average charge model For monthly services with an average charge model, if there was usage on the last day of the month then the quantity on that last day may not have been not be factored into the average calculation. This issue has now been fixed.
Please note: It is recommended that the reports are reprepared where possible to ensure accurate historical reporting.
Fixed an issue with links on the Accounts overview page Fixed a minor issue where a link to Data pipelines > Report could sometimes be shown even if a user didn't have the appropriate permissions.
January 02, 2020
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue when aggregating an empty DSET Aggregating an empty DSET cauld case a Transcript crash, this has now been fixed.
Fixed resource leak in Workflow Engine Aeon was leaking Windows handles for internal I/O events that caused problems creating new workflow processes after several days of heavy use. This problem is fixed now.
December 11, 2019
New features
Improved aggregation function in Transcript
Aggregation performance improved, especially when processing large sorted datasets
Bug fixes
Resolved a rare Edify crash Resolved a rare bug with 'end of file' checking in the Edify pre-processor
Fixed an issue where changes to workflows were not processed in the scheduler
Case-sensitive column names in correlation
Correlate doesn't fail with SQL error when two columns in DSET have similar names that differ only in case
December 04, 2019
New features
Restricted editing of users logging in from SSO providers Updating the username and password in the API is no longer possible for users logging in from SSO providers.
Add PUBLIC_ROOT to configuration Previously, if Glass and Proximity were on different machines, Proximity would guess the Glass base URL. This is not possible to set this variable via the PUBLIC_ROOT configuration value.
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with character encoding in the transformer and workflow API endpoints
November 25, 2019
Bug fixes
Implemented a fix to avoid global rate revision changes The global rate revision for services that are populated using the set_rate_using parameter in the services block, could cause the rate to be updated. This behavior has now been changed and existing rate revisions will no longer be touched.
November 15, 2019
New features
Improved the performance of the workflows screen when there are a large number of historical workflow runs.
Bug fixes
Fixed a cosmetic issue on the reports page.
Fixed an issue with the search not showing results on the dashboard.
Restored the functionality to cancel a login attempt.
In the transformer preview, datasets are now detected when the import statement has indentation.
Fixed an issue where no loading indicator was shown on the login screen.
Fixed an issue with overwriting services
Fixed an issue which would cause errors to appear in the log (and the service not to be updated) when overwriting a service with an updated version of itself.
November 13, 2019
New features
Added a warning when the current sessions is about to expire. A user then is given the option to renew the session without having to log in again.
Added transformer error annotations. When previewing a transformer script containing an error, the editor will show an annotation on the line where the error occurred.
Small changes to settings screen, single sign-on tab. In preparation of an upcoming release of an LDAP adapter for single sign-on, some small visual changes to the settings have been made.
SQLite version updated SQLite updated to version 3.30.1 to match Edify
Added HTTP redirect limit option in USE Added new option http_redirect_count that allows to limit number of HTTP redirects to follow, or disable following redirects (default) when building an Extractor
Added function in Transcript to capture parts of a string value
When building a Transformer, it is now possible to obtain values from a cell by using the @EXTRACT_BEFORE and @EXTRACT_AFTER functions. For more information visit https://docs.exivity.com/data-pipelines/transform/language/if#extract_before
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue where some screens could display an Insufficient rights error. This was caused by API calls for which the currently logged in user didn't have access to. This has been fixed by not exposing this part of the functionality in the GUI.
Fixed an edge-case where the GUI displays a blank screen after an upgrade. In some circumstances, after an upgrade, the GUI would start with a blank screen. It was possible to access the GUI by refreshing the browser window. This is no longer needed.
Fixed an edge-case where removing a workflow could lead to an error. Sometimes, when deleting workflows containing workflow steps - which in turn contained references to reports which were removed since creating the workflow - the API could not remove the workflow. This has been fixed.
Fixed an edge-case where the GUI could crash when fetching reports.
Fixed a bug where the GUI could crash in older browsers in the transformer screen.
Fixed a bug where a license warning was shown even when there were no problem with the license.
Added regex validation for metadata string fields. When adding an invalid regex, the user will now get an appropriate message when saving metadata definitions.
Fixed a bug which could prevent workflows from being updated. In some cases, when a user visited the Status tab in the workflows screen, it would prevent workflows from being updated (including adding/removing schedules and steps). This has been fixed.
Corrected a off by 1 problem in the Transformer preview Previously, the execution of the transformer script would stop at the currently selected line in the editor, while the interface suggested that execution would stop_after_the currently selected line. This has now been corrected so that execution will include the currently selected line.
Fixed a bug where the list of columns was not updating when creating a new report.
Fixed an issue where Extractor arguments where truncated when 0
was one of the arguments.
Fixed an issue where the Run Now button on the workflow screen could be greyed out in some cases.
The service worker script in the front-end no longer relies on a third-party content delivery network (CDN).
Fixed an issue where API requests were not forwarded correctly on hosts with a web proxy setup. This was particularly a problem with requests to the API not invoked from within the GUI, e.g. when loading SAML2 endpoints on the API.
Solved a security issue (internal reference: EXVT-2812)
Fixed an issue whereby DST changes could affect certain operations
Exivity makes frequent use of date ranges for operations such as preparing and running reports. We have identified, and fixed, an issue whereby sometimes when a DST change resulted in the clocks going back an hour, the day in question would be treated as two separate days.
October 29, 2019
New features
Ability to rename a service category in the GUI In is now possible to manually rename a service category in the Glass interface
Notification are now out of beta The configuration of Workflow notifications is now GA
Ability in the GUI to create and delete and account It is now possible to manually create and delete accounts from a report definition by using the Accounts menu in the Glass interface
Ability to change the Unit label of a Service in the GUI It is now possible to manually change the Unit label of a Service in the Glass user interface
Improved Proximity error responses If any of the backend components returns a valid JSON error response, this will now be shown to the user.
API handling of requests when including relationship When Proximity handled a request to include relationships, it did not return a proper result for a relation that doesn't exists.
Removed empty arrays from the budget results Proximity now filters out empty arrays from the Horizon budget output
Added the ability to create and view budgets It is now possible to create and report on multi-level budgets. More information on this feature can be found at https://docs.exivity.com/accounts/budgets
Add ability to specify a specific dataset while previewing the output from a transformer
Updating relationships through the API has been improved and is now more efficient in some edge case scenario's
support for option services = update When populating services in Transcript, it is now possible to update Unit label, Service description
Bug fixes
Fixed a Glass GUI overflow issue A GUI overflow in the details part of the account overview screen could occur. This has been resolved.
Proximity will enforce max account level Changed the code to now load the parent account and check the level before adding the relationship when creating new accounts in the GUI / API.
Dropdown expanding incorrectly to top In budget management screen, a drop down menu could previously expand to the upper region of the screen, while enough space was available downwards.
Resolved an issue with the Summary Report title When changing the Summary report title in the administration menu, changes were not reflected on the report. This has now been resolved.
Transformer margins and alignment Corrected visual margins and alignment in Transformer menu
Resolved 3 cosmetic issues for the Transformer Previewer Preview could go off-screen when moving the divider bar. The vertical scrollbar is now always visible. When not in full-screen, prevent having a vertical scrollbar in the editor as well as in the browser.
Removed the forward slash prefix from copied lookup file path
Fixed an issue where the summary report could show null
when no header/footer were configured
Fixed an issue when importing CSV or Excel files in lookups
System wide date format configuration is now used for all summary report dates
Fixed an issue when removing a single service using bulk edit
Fixed an usability issue when moving back or forth multiple steps at once in the reports date range selector
Fixed an issue where Minimum commit line item
was displayed instead of the user-configurable text
Added support for SAML2 when the API is behind a proxy server
Improved error reporting in the API for input validation errors
Proration is now applied correctly Solved an issue where monthly prorated service rates were applied incorrectly
Rate revision update issue Transcript will now create a new rate revision if needed, when using the serivces block in read only mode
September 18, 2019
Fixed a Glass GUI overflow issue A GUI overflow in the details part of the account overview screen could occur. This has been resolved.
Proximity will enforce max account level Changed the code to now load the parent account and check the level before adding the relationship when creating new accounts in the GUI / API.
Dropdown expanding incorrectly to top In budget management screen, a drop down menu could previously expand to the upper region of the screen, while enough space was available downwards.
Resolved an issue with the Summary Report title When changing the Summary report title in the administration menu, changes were not reflected on the report. This has now been resolved.
Transformer margins and alignment Corrected visual margins and alignment in Transformer menu
Resolved 3 cosmetic issues for the Transformer Previewer Preview could go off-screen when moving the divider bar. The vertical scrollbar is now always visible. When not in full-screen, prevent having a vertical scrollbar in the editor as well as in the browser.
Removed the forward slash prefix from copied lookup file path
Fixed an issue where the summary report could show null
when no header/footer were configured
Fixed an issue when importing CSV or Excel files in lookups
System wide date format configuration is now used for all summary report dates
Fixed an issue when removing a single service using bulk edit
Fixed an usability issue when moving back or forth multiple steps at once in the reports date range selector
Fixed an issue where Minimum commit line item
was displayed instead of the user-configurable text
Added support for SAML2 when the API is behind a proxy server
Improved error reporting in the API for input validation errors
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with nested conditions in Transformers If a Transcript script opens a block of statements using 'if' or 'where' but does not have a closing brace, then if the transformer was run for multiple days it was possible to get an error stating that the maximum depth of nested statements had been reached. A check has now been implemented at the end of script execution which will verify that there are no unclosed statement blocks in effect. If there are then a meaningful error message will be logged and the task will fail.
Fixed a memory issue in USE A memory related corner case with certain Extractors could trigger an endless loop. This has now been resolved.
Removed error for future dates When reporting on a future Budget period start date , Horizon produced an invalid error message. This has now been resolved.
September 11, 2019
New features
Added the ability to Manage and View Budgets It is now possible to create and report on multi-level budgets. More information on this feature can be found at https://docs.exivity.com/accounts/budgets
Added header validation in the lookup editor
Added the ability to change mail server encryption It is now possible to select TLS, SSL or No mail encryption when configuring an e-mail server
Ability to disable SAML2 user creation Enabled an option to not automatically create new users in SAML2 configurations
Extractor/Transformer editor will wrap long lines The editor will now wrap very long lines in order to make them more readable.
Added Budget Viewer API Endpoint Ability in the Proximity API to call budget viewer.
Ability to Search for Service and Category Added Service Category as a searchable field in the Services Report. Also added Service as searchable field in Instance Report.
Added API suppot for Global Variables The Proximity API now has CRUD support for Global Variables. Support in Glass GUI, Extractors and Transformers will be added in a future release.
Solved an issue with component encoding The USE component-encode did previously not encode numeric values. This has now been resolved.
Added the ability to manually create services A user is now able to manually create one or multiple services in the Service Catalogue
If the logfile is not writable, terminate the Transcript task Transcript changed to fail if log file cannot be written, rather than falling back to using stderr
Adjustments are now included in service group subtotals Adjustments were previously ignored from service group subtotals. This behavior has now changed, so that adjustments are now included in both subtotal and total costs in the cost summary report
Backend support for previewing a custom DSET In Transcript preview mode, a user can select a non-default DSET to preview. GUI support will be added in future release
Added a warning when using Etc timezones When a timezone in a Workflow is set to Etc, the user will receive a warning to make them aware of the Etc timezone behavior. To learn more, please consult the following article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones#List)
Added new table to database for Global Variables and Environments
Bug fixes
Transcript fails if service key exceeds allowed size
When adding services, if service key is longer then 127 characters, Transcript fails with descriptive error in log file
Improved diagnostics in Budget engine If there is no usage data to reporting period, Horizon returns more detailed diagnostic information
Fixed crash in case of invalid budget configuration Horizon was crashing when a budget revision contained no budget items. Issue has been resolved, and a more detailed error message has been added
Improved error diagnostics in Budget engine in case of a missing filter Horizon was producing incorrect error message when budget item referenced non-existent filter. Error message fixed to report specific probelm
Improved error handling when creating an RDF where 2 or columns have the same name with different cases Transcript will now analyse the column headings before creating an RDF and generates a meaningful log message when 2 or more column names would conflict before writing the daily RDF
Transcript fails if service key exceeds allowed size When adding services, if service key is longer then 127 characters, Transcript fails with descriptive error in log file
August 28, 2019
New features
Added endpoints to the API to create, update and delete service categories CRUD API endpoints are now available for both services and service categories.
Bug fixes
When encrypting variables, the encrypted result is now deterministic for any given system When encrypting variables, it was possible that for the same input value, different encrypted values would be generated in the script. This was harmless, but has now been fixed.
Buffer reset before HTTP retries There was an error were a buffer was not reset before retrying HTTP request. Therefore a buffer in some situations could contain the result of several tries, causing an invalid XML or JSON payload. This error was fixed by resetting the buffer before every retry.
Step output limited to 1MB Log from standard output of a Workflow step is limited now to 1 MB to minimize database polution
Added an automatic process to clean up excess workflow logs
The level parameter on the accounts API endpoint is now an integer instead of a string
Improved API error messages for validation errors
Added valid default value for service.charge_model
Newly added field charge_model contains NULL values for existing services. These are now migrated to peak (1) as that is the default service charging behavior.
Upgraded nginx to version 1.17.3
Upgraded the nginx web server from version 1.17.1 to version 1.17.3
August 08, 2019
Bug fixes
Fixed variable resolution after 'if' block
Transcript sometimes failed to resolve variables after skipped 'if' block.
Upgraded PHP to version 7.3.6
August 06, 2019
New features
Removed Github links in white labeled configurations Removed the github links for extractors and transformers when using a white labeled install
Removed default logo and icon for white labeled configurations Removed the standard Exivity logo's and icons when using a white labeled install
Updated disclaimer for white labeled configurations Disclaimer does not reference Exivity anymore when using a white labeled configuration
Extractor scripts can now use the HTTP PATCH method The 'http' statement now supports the HTTP PATCH method
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with notification drivers
Pigeon could not find the notification drivers for Slack and SMS. This has now been fixed.
Fixed an invalid API error when resetting password Reset password could return an internal error (500), if a password didn't exist for the user. This was an invalid error, and has been changed to a valid 204 response.
July 31, 2019
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue where a log message could be incorrectly tagged as an error When creating services, an error message may be generated in the logfile which begins "services: set proration for service". This should be a debug level message and is not an error. This has now been fixed.
Fixed an issue where the error message generated by the append statement could be incorrect Fixed an issue whereby when appending one DSET to another, if the first DSET did not exist then the resulting error message in the log would state that it was the second DSET that doesn't exist.
Fixed an issue with embeds When the embed option is enabled, if the fields in the CSV to import were quoted then embed would not work as expected. This has now been fixed.
Don't resolve variables in 'else' branch being skipped Transcript doesn't resolve variables in 'else' branch when 'else' is not executed, therefore it removed 'unknown variable' errors in the situations when variables declared and used only inside 'else'
July 10, 2019
If your Exivity installation connects to the Internet thru the use of an Internet Proxy, you will need to ensure that a number of system variables are in place according to this manual before upgrading to version 2.4.7 or higher
New features
Transcript script content is stored in RDF A copy of the ETL processing script used for generating data for any given day is now stored in each RDF alongside the processed data itself, thus enhancing support and diagnostic processes.
New import option to include the name of the imported file(s) It is now possible in a Transformer to automatically add a column to each dataset, which will contain the name of the imported file(s). This can be achieved by enabling the filename_column = true
import option.
Support for auto retrying failed HTTP requests in USE If an HTTP request fails during the execution of an Extractor, the script can now be changed to set the option http_retry_count. This will determine the amount of times a HTTP request is retried. The default value is 2 retries.
Extractor scripts now have separate automatic variables for diagnosing HTTP related issues When connecting to a server over HTTP, the HTTP_STATUS_CODE variable will now always contain a numeric value. Any textual supplementary information pertaining to that value can be found in a new variable called HTTP_STATUS_TEXT. In the event that a timeout occurs and no HTTP response is received, the HTTP_STATUS_CODE variable will contain the value -1.
Bug fixes
Continue when http get_header yields no results When retrieving the text of a header from an HTTP response in an Extractor using the http get_header feature, the Extractor script wil now continue to execute even if no header content was found.
Avoid overwriting of services because of charge_model introduction Fixed a bug where if the charge_model was changed, the update would not be reflected after executing the Transformer script. Now, when using option services = overwrite in a script, services will be recreated if the charge model changes.
When creating services sometimes a rate revision would be created when there was no need to do so Under certain circumstances, when updating the service definitions via the services statement in Transcript a new revision could be created which was a duplicate of the existing revision. This has now been fixed.
June 21, 2019
New features
Service category totals are added to summary reports
Removed the 'Use local storage' configuration setting Now, the data in the interface is always synced with the server in order to better ensure data integrity.
Fixed an issue when aggregating a DSET that is not the default DSET The aggregate statement may have failed to correctly aggregate a DSET if the DSET ID specified in the statement was not the default DSET. This has now been fixed.
When logging out, users are redirected to the login screen automatically Instead of showing an intermediate screen requiring a user to first click on a link to login again.
Streamlined the usergroup permissions to align with the new navigation structure
Created new automatic variable UNIX_UTC in USE A new automatic variable is now available in extractor scripts. This is called UNIX_UTC and will return the current UTC time as a UNIX timestamp value.
Implemented a new 'average' monthly charging model Monthly services may now be created which are charged based on the average quantity used throughout the month.
Deprecated the current budget feature in favour of a new implementation The new budget implementation will be released in Q2-2019.
Added an option to Transcript to skip invalid records during import It is now possible to skip invalid records during the import phase of a Transformer.
Improved ordering of options in the side menu The menu on the left hand side of the interface has been overhauled in order to group the options in a more logical manner.
Now only privileged users will see an alert message when debugging is enabled
Manual account administration The Exivity back-end now supports manual creation, editing and deletion of accounts GUI support for this feature will be included in a future release
Added lookup editor for ad-hoc data sources Lookup data sources can be used for various types of data sources not obtainable through automated extractors. Edit lookups by navigating to Data pipelines > Lookups. Read more at docs.exivity.com.
Added the option to modify or translate certain labels displayed by the Exivity interface. Find the new options by navigating to Administration > Settings > Translations.
Bug fixes
Workflow notifications status trigger Fixed an issue where a notifications was always send regardless whether the failed / successful condition was met
Workflow status log historical dates Fixed an issue where the status logs for a workflow could display incorrect timestamps
Fixed an issue which could lead to a crash in the GUI for certain edge-case adjustment configurations
Fixed a small issue which prevented empty metadata values to be stored
Do not send notifications for internal workflows Changed behavior of the Workflow engine to only send out notifications for user created workflows, and not for internal/garbage collector jobs
Updating Workflows during Workflow execution Fixed an issue were none of the workflows could be changed while a Workflow was running
Fixed a bug which prevented certain pages from showing correctly when no reports are defined
Fixed an issue whereby retrieving audit information from the API could fail
Fixed an issue with workflows containing 12 steps or more Fixed an issue where workflows with 12 or more steps could cause an API error.
Fixed an issue with newlines in scheduler log entries On occasion, it was possible that log entries generated by the scheduler would contain newline characters which could cause problems with the log viewer. This has now been fixed (log entries should no longer contain newlines).
Fixed an issue whereby credentials in a connection string could appear in the logfile When using a direct connection string with credentials to collect from an external database, under some circumstances an error message could contain a copy of the connection string. Log entries containing connection strings should no longer contain credentials.
Workflow management menu option is hidden from users without permission to manage workflows When logged in as a user who does not have permission to manage workflows, the GUI will hide workflow management options. Previously, users without the rights to do so were unable to perform any actual workflow management even though the option was displayed.
Fixed an issue that could cause workflows to stop working Fixed an issue whereby on rare occasions, the scheduler could leave its configuration database in a locked state, leading to problems running workflows.
Implemented support for decompressing ZIP files that expand to more than 2Gb
Fixed an issue whereby the data status associated with a report would sometimes not be shown When accessing a report definition, sometimes the data status (the list of dates and the status of the data associated with each date) would not appear until the report definition was accessed a second time. This has now been fixed.
Fixed a bug which sometimes made it impossible to go into full-screen mode in the GUI
Fixed a bug which caused a warning to be incorrectly displayed when users tried to change their password
Fixed an issue whereby on rare occasions monthly services could have adjustments applied more than once Fixed an issue whereby if a monthly service had new instances appear on a date in the month after the date that the first instance of that service was seen, and if adjustments were applied to that service + instance combination then it was sometimes possible for the adjustments to be applied more than once.
Fixed an issue which could cause a GUI crash after deleting a service After deleting a service, it was possible that the GUI would display an error when subsequently viewing service rates. This has now been fixed.
Fixed a rare issue where importing into a transformation script could cause a crash When importing files using a wildcard, Transcript would crash if one of the files to import was empty and 'option embed' was enabled. This has now been fixed.
January 23, 2019
New features
The 'export' statement will no longer generate an error if asked to process an empty DSET while option mode = strict is set
Implemented user-definable timeout setting when retrieving data from HTTP sources
When retrieving data from HTTP sources, the number of seconds to wait for a server response before timing out can be defined using set http_timeout.
January 17, 2019
New features
Added editable labels for report levels
Added the ability to mass delete services
Invoice report is now called Summary report
The 'finish' statement in Transcript can be made to cause the task to fail if the DSET it's given is empty
Previously, when creating an RDF, the finish statement would perform no action if the DSET to create the RDF from was empty. This is still the case if 'option mode = permissive' is in force, but if 'option mode = strict' then the finish statement will now generate an error. The error will cause the task to fail for the current day, and if 'option continue' is not enabled, the task will be terminated, else the task will move onto the next date in the range of days being processed.
Added the ability to exit a subscript invoked via #include in a transform script The 'return' statement, when used in a Transform script, will now cause script execution to resume from the statement following the #include statement in a parent script that referenced the script containing the 'return' statement.
Increased the performance of the correlate statement Correlation should now be significantly faster than it was previously
Increased the performance of the aggregate statement
Aggregation should now be significantly faster than it was previously
Bug fixes
Fixed a bug where users couldn't update their own details (including their password)
Fixed a bug where only 10 datasets were displayed when creating a new report
Fixed a bug where the mail sender name was not persisted in the configuration
Fixed an issue when importing CSV files containing quotes
When importing a CSV file with two successive quote characters at the end of a field, Transcript would reject the file as invalid. This has now been fixed.
Fixed an issue where deleting data let to GUI crashes on occasion When deleting data (RDFs) associated with a report, it could be that if one or more days had previously been overwritten, a stale database entry would cause issues after the RDFs were deleted. This has now been fixed.
Fixed a bug whereby using terminate within the body of an if statement in a Transform script could cause an error Invoking terminate in an if block when running a transform script against a range of dates could cause the error The maximum number of nested blocks (32) is already in use.
This has now been fixed.
December 13, 2018
Bug fixes
A bug was fixed which could lead to an error in the invoice report when using a rate with a minimum commit set
Fixed an issue with minimum commit It was possible that when applying minimum commit to a service, that other services would be affected by that minimum commit. This has now been fixed.
Fixed an issue when retrieving NULL fields from an ODBC query When using ODBC to collect data, the presence of NULL values in the results could cause USE to crash. This has been fixed.
November 30, 2018
New features
Added the ability to view instance level details on the invoice reports.
Added the ability to customize the report exports (CSV format only) field delimiter and decimal separator. These settings are system-wide and available to administrators by navigating to Administration > Configuration > Formatting.
Added the ability for users to reset their own passwords. This requires the email address of users to be set and a working server configuration for sending emails. This can be configured in Administration > System > Environment.
Logfiles generated from workflow tasks now include a timestamp. This prevents logfiles from consecutive runs of the same task from being overwritten.
Workflow status now automatically refreshes after a manual run.
Added a new Environment tab in Administration > System. In this tab, information about the system the Exivity instance is running on can be filled out. In the future this will be expanded to include more configuration options.
Invoice reports now include minimum commit uplifts as separate entries.
Carriage-returns and line-feeds in data extracted using ODBC are now replaced with spaces. When extracting data with USE, the presence of newlines in the data could cause corrupt CSV output. Carriage Return and Line Feed characters in data extracted from ODBC are therefore now replaced with spaces.
Enhanced expression support in the Extractor component. Conditional expressions have been enhanced in the Extractor component such that more complex conditions can be evaluated and additional operations can be performed. Additionally, it is now possible to set a variable value using an expression.
Services can now be manually deleted using the GUI.
Bug fixes
The datasets selector visible when creating a new report definition is now alphabetically sorted.
Fixed a bug which caused the contents of extractor editor to not update after updating variables. The contents of the extractor script itself was always saved after updating variables, only those changes were not visible in the editor.
Fixed a bug which caused the account depth selector to reset after performing an upgrade.
Fixed a bug which could cause the interface to become unresponsive after preparing a report.
Fixed an issue when running Transform scripts for days with 25 hours in them. When running a Transform script with a data-date representing a day where the clocks were adjusted such that the day had 25 hours in it, the script would be executed a second time automatically once the first had completed. This could lead to unexpected errors and log entries on occasion, and has now been fixed.
When writing to CSV files in USE, embedded CR/LF characters are converted to spaces. USE will now automatically strip out embedded carriage-return and line-feed characters when writing data to CSV files. Each unique occurrence of one or more sequential CR/LF characters will be replaced with a single space.
November 22, 2018
Bug fixes
Updated the documentation links in the header to point to our new documentation site.
Fixed grouping behaviour in the details table of the accounts report. In some cases, accounts could appear grouped under the wrong parent account in the 'Detailed' table in the accounts report.
October 31, 2018
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue with incorrect quantities sometimes showing on reports. Occasionally, when running a report for a range of dates, the quantities on one or more services differed from the quantity for that service shown when a report was run for a different date range (or just the day in question). This issue has now been fixed.
October 26, 2018
New features
The USE 'basename' statement can now write its results to a new variable. Previously, the 'basename' statement would always modify the value of the variable whose name was supplied as the argument. It can now also accept a literal string and create a new, or update an existing, variable to hold the result.
Archives in GZIP format can now be decompressed using USE. USE now supports the 'gunzip' statement which can be used to inflate GZIP'd data. Details of how to use this statement may be found at https://docs.exivity.com/diving-deeper/extract/language/gunzip
FIxed an issue whereby when running a Transform script the Audit database would be locked for the duration of the task. Transcript now only opens the Audit database when it needs to, reducing the likelihood of encountering errors pertaining to a locked audit database in the logfile.
A new system variable is now available containing the number of days in the current month. The existing dataMonth variable, which contains the yyyyMM of the current month is now supplemented with a new variable called dataMonthDays which contains the number of days in that month.
Changed default service type to 'automatic' in the 'services' statement in Transcript. When creating services, if no 'type' parameter is provided then the default service type will now be be set to 'automatic'.
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue whereby when creating a service, the audit indicated that the service creation failed. When a service definition is successfully created, Transcript will now correctly audit that event as opposed to indicating that the attempt failed.
Fixed an issue whereby over-writing services could result in database errors in the logfile. Sometimes when overwriting services, a constraint error would be logged in the logfile and the service would not have any rate associated with it. This has been fixed.
October 18, 2018
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue that could cause database corruption.
Fixed an issue that could cause database corruption due to the Aeon database being held open for long periods of time.
October 10, 2018
Added a live preview feature when working with transforms. A new feature has been added which can display a live preview of the transformer output. Note: this feature is currently in beta and will be further updated in the next release.
The code editor has been updated. The code editor for Extractor and Transformer scripts has been updated (it now uses the open source Monaco editor - https://microsoft.github.io/monaco-editor/) resulting in a significant improvement over our previous editor. This greatly enhances the user experience when editing scripts in the GUI. Note: This change also lays the foundation for more advanced features going forwards.
Charges for monthly services now take quantity into consideration as well as price. If two or more days in a month have the same highest price then the one with the highest quantity will be reported. Previously, the first seen was reported which could lead to discrepancies between the reported quantity and price on the report.
When running reports blank instance values are now displayed as a hyphen. When running reports against data with blank instance values in the usage data, the instance value will now be represented as a hyphen, which improves the aesthetics of the report.
Added hardware information to Transcript log-files. Log-files created by Transcript now contain information about the CPU and RAM at the top of the log.
Increased auditing information in Transcript. Events relating to service, rate and RDF changes are now audited
Bug fixes
Removed COGS option for users without rights to view COGS information. In the services and instances report, users with no access to view COGS will no longer be able to select the COGS type in the details table. Note: This bug never allowed users without appropriate access rights to view the actual COGS data.
Fixed a bug where the list of datasets on the report definition page was only showing the first 10 results. This could result in an inability to create new reports using datasets that were not included in those results
A link to the instances report has been added to the search feature in the header.
The service interval column in the instances report now contains data. Previously this column was always blank
Fixed a bug where searching for units within a services reports leads to a GUI crash.
Fixed an issue whereby very rarely a charge would not be included in reports. On very rare occasions, information in a record in the prepared report caches was not included in the output when a report was run. This has now been fixed.
Fixed an issue that could cause Aeon database corruption. Fixed an issue that could cause database corruption (and workflows to fail) due to the Aeon database being held open for long periods of time.
Fixed an issue whereby re-using an existing named buffer in USE for ODBC purposes could lead to unexpected results. Fixed an issue in USE whereby if an existing named buffer was re-used to store data retrieved from ODBC then a new buffer could have been created with the same name as the existing buffer, and attempts to reference it would return the old data.
Fixed an issue when executing ODBC queries that return no data. Using the ODBC capability to execute a query that returns no data will no longer cause an extractor to return an error.
September 05, 2018
New features
Upgraded the underlying API framework For more information, please refer to the Laravel release notes.
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue whereby 'append' could crash if one or other DSET was empty When executing the 'append' statement in a transformation script, if one or other of the DSETs involved in the operation was empty (having no data rows) then a crash could occur. This has now been fixed.
Fixed an issue where an expression that evaluated as FALSE could show the wrong line number in a log message The DEBUG level logfile entry indicating an expression is true or false would contain a reference to the wrong line number if the expression evaluated to false. This has now been fixed.
Fixed an issue whereby some comparisons would evaluate incorrectly in expressions Fixed and issue whereby in some cases where a value was quoted in an expression, the quotes would be considered part of the value itself.
Fixed a condition where reports were not showing for non-admins
Quantity metric is available again for the timeline chart on the services and instances reports
Reports in the navigation menu dropdown are now alphabetically ordered
August 28, 2018
New features
Ability to filter data in report using search query: The search bar in Accounts, Services and Instances reports now supports the use of operators (for example >
and <
) to filter your results based on column values or strings.
Add avg_unit_based_rate
to report/run
API endpoint Added the average per unit rate field to the report/run
API endpoint and a placeholder for the average per interval rate which will be implemented later.
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue where deleting services could lead to adjustments not displaying correctly
Rate column in report details tables now use the configured rate precision setting
Fixed an issue whereby scheduled tasks that output more than 4kb of data to the console could suspend execution and do nothing until they timed out
August 22, 2018
New features
Transcript can now normalise scientific decimal numbers to standard format: When processing data that contains numbers in scientific format (such as 2.1E-5) the normalise
statement can now be used to convert these to standard decimal notation (0.000021 in the above case) using the form normalise columncolNameas standard
where colName
is the column containing the values to convert. Any values already in decimal will be unchanged, except that any trailing zeros will be removed from them. Non-numeric values will be converted to 0.
Support group
and group_col
as service parameters in Transcript: In the service
and services
statements in Transcript, the parameters to define the service category are category
and category_col
These parameters now have aliases of group
and group_col
respectively, for those who prefer to use that terminology.
Bug fixes
The replace
statement in Transcript will no longer behave unexpectedly when given an empty string as the target to replace: When using replace
to update substrings within the values in a column, if the target string (the text to replace) is empty then Transcript will generate a meaningful log entry explaining that it cannot be used to replace empty strings, and will no longer overwrite non-blank column values with multiple copies of the replacement text.
The export
statement in Transcript now supports backslashes as path delimiters: When specifying a relative path for the export
statement, Transcript will automatically create any directories that do not exist in that path. Previously there was a bug whereby the auto-creation of those directories would only work if UNIX-style forward slashes were used as delimiters in the path. This has now been fixed and Windows or UNIX style delimiters may be used when specifying an export path.
Fixed a bug in the scheduler that could cause schedules to fail: In some cases schedules could fail for no obvious reason. This has now been fixed.
August 17, 2018
New features
USE scripts can now be forced to terminate with an error result Previously, the 'terminate' statement could be used to cancel script execution, but its use would always indicate that the script ran successfully. This may not be appropriate in all cases (for example if an error is detected by the script itself but ultimately cannot be resolved satisfactorily). The 'terminate' statement will still cause a script to exit with a success result by default, but may now be invoked as 'terminate with error' such that an error status is returned instead.
Added more service attributes as optional columns in the reports details table. The following extra service attributes can now be enabled as columns in the report details table: interval, charge type, cogs type and proration.
Support 'group' and 'groupcol' as service parameters in Transcript In the 'service' and 'services' statements in Transcript, the parameters to define the service category are 'category' and 'category_col'. These parameters now have aliases of 'group' and 'group_col' respectively, for those who prefer to use that terminology.
Reduced the chance of a 'database is locked' warning when preparing reports When preparing reports, on occasion it is possible for a warning to appear in the logfile pertaining to the global database being locked. When this warning happened, it could cause some days in the reporting period to remain unprepared. A known specific cause of this issue has been fixed, significantly reducing the likelihood of it happening.
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue where an ODBC connection could cause a crash in USE When executing an ODBC-based collection in USE, under certain circumstances an incorrect direct connection string could cause a crash. This has been fixed. Additionally, when an ODBC error occurs the error written to the logfile contains more detail than in previous releases.
The order of workflow steps in the status tab now corresponds to the order of workflow steps in the configuration tab.
An issue has been fixed where old user preferences could conflict by updates in the GUI, leading to errors when loading the service and instance reports.
An issue has been fixed where certain characters in a workflow status could lead to errors in the API. Sometimes, when running a scheduled task, the output written to the database contains non-printable characters. The API now re-encodes those characters, which means the GUI will now correctly show the status for those workflows.
When selecting a reporting period that spans multiple months, the charts will now only show a single label for each month.
Fixed a USE crash bug with certain combinations of conditional expressions Fixed an issue whereby if an expression with more than 2 parameters was followed later in the script by an expression with fewer parameters than the first, a crash would occur.
Fixed issue where an extractor could crash when using a parslet after formatting some JSON A bug has been fixed whereby if the 'json format' statement was used to prettify some JSON in a named buffer, use of a parslet to extract data from the JSON could cause a crash.
Fixed an issue where sometimes an XML parslet would cause an 'out of memory' error in USE When using an XML parslet, it was possible that an 'out of memory' error would be returned in the logfile and the script would fail, even on small input files. This has now been fixed.
August 03, 2018
Bug fixes
The 'export' statement in Transcript now supports backslashes as path delimiters
When specifying a relative path for the 'export' statement, Transcript will automatically create any directories that do not exist in that path. Previously there was a bug whereby the auto-creation of those directories would only work if UNIX-style forward slashes were used as delimiters in the path. This has now been fixed and Windows or UNIX style delimiters may be used when specifying an export path.
The 'replace' statement in Transcript will no longer behave unexpectedly when given an empty string as the target to replace
When using 'replace' to update substrings within the values in a column, if the target string (the characters to replace) is empty then Transcript will generate a meaningful log entry explaining that it cannot be used to replace empty strings, and will no longer overwrite non-blank column values with multiple copies of the replacement text.
July 25, 2018
New features
Increased default timeout when retrieving data from HTTP servers
Currently a USE script will fail if more than 3 minutes elapse without response when downloading data from an HTTP server. This has been increased to 5 minutes to cater for slow APIs.
July 19, 2018
New features
Transcript can now normalise scientific decimal numbers to standard format When processing data that contains numbers in scientific format (such as 2.1E-5) the 'normalise' statement can now be used to convert these to standard decimal notation (0.000021 in the above case) using the form 'normalise column colName as standard' where 'colName' is the column containing the values to convert. Any values already in decimal will be unchanged, except that any trailing zeros will be removed from them. Non-numeric values will be converted to 0.
When accessing the GUI via http visitors will be redirected to https automatically
Progress indicator in the report/run endpoint can be disabled To disable, set the progress
parameter to 0
. More information at our API documentation.
Filter selectors show which items are present in the current report The service category selector in the services and instances report, and service selector in the instances report will show items not available in the current report grayed out.
On-demand workflow execution Workflows can now be executed on demand. Also the schedule for a Workflow can be disabled.
Single workflows can now have multiple schedules
Workflows can now be scheduled in a specific timezone
Added the average rate column to the reports details table
Added the ability to show various totals in reports summary widget Summary widget now has the option to show all totals (previous behaviour) or only the totals for the current search results, or for the current pinned items.
Added report shortcuts to the dashboard
COGS, fixed COGS and fixed prices are now evaluated per instance when preparing reports Previously, if a service was created that used any of fixed_price_col, cogs_col or fixed_cogs_col to indicate that the rate in question should be obtained from the usage data for any given day, then the charge engine would use a single value from the specified column(s) and apply that to all instances of the services for the day. Now, each row of usage is individually consulted when preparing reports such that the specific value on that row is used (as is already the case when using 'rate_col' for pass-through rates)
When extracting XML or JSON values, parse errors no longer cause the USE script to terminate Previously, when using a static parslet to extract XML or JSON values from the contents of a named buffer, if the buffer contained invalid JSON or XML then the USE script failed with an error in the log saying that the contents of the buffer could not be parsed. Now, if a named buffer contains data that is not valid JSON or XML, any attempt to extract a value from it using a static parslet will be expanded to the value EXIVITY_INVALID_XML or EXIVITY_INVALID_JSON.
Improved performance and lowered memory requirements when running a report Previously, in some circumstances running a report could take longer than expected and consume large amounts of memory in the process. The performance and memory use of the report engine have both been improved.
Reduced memory and increased performance when preparing reports Previously it was possible for some installations to use large amounts of memory and exhibit unreasonably slow performance when preparing reports. Preparing reports is not intended to be a realtime feature and will always incur some time overhead, but this time should now be significantly reduced in many cases, and the memory required to complete the process will be much less.
New output format for the /report/run
endpoint in the API Due to changes to the charge engine, the output format of the /report/run
endpoint in the API has changed. An up-to-date overview of the attributes returned by this endpoint can be found at our API documentation.
Free formatted ODBC connect strings are now supported in USE This exposes all ODBC driver options to the user, and avoid the requirement of creating manually DSN at the operating system level.
The 'split' statement now supports discarding unwanted result columns When using the 'split' statement it is now possible to discard all but a selected range of the resulting new columns.
Bug fixes
Fixed a Transcript crash when deleting a DSET Transcript will no longer crash in certain circumstances when deleting a DSET using the 'delete dset' statement.
The Transcript 'export' statement now creates a path automatically When exporting data from Transcript, if a relative path is specified as part of the export filename, Transcript will automatically create the path if it does not exist. The path will be created relative to /exported
Changed the behaviour of some columns in the report tables The optional _per unit charges and per interval charges columns on the report pages represent a fraction of the total charge and as such should be considered a subtotal rather than a rate._
Allow users to see anonymous roll-up accounts even if they have no access When a user only has access to some children of a parent account, reports will now show the combined usage of those accounts grouped as an unknown account in the reports.
Fixed a rare bug where incorrect character encoding in the data source could lead to reports not loading
Currency symbol is no longer shown for quantity graphs
An issue has been fixed which could lead to empty reports when there actually was report data In some cases, selecting certain combination of filters could lead to reports showing No data while there actually was report data for the current set of filters. This behaviour was observed mainly on the instances report page.
Usernames are now allowed to contain special characters As a side effect of changing usernames to be case-insensitive, using special characters was no longer permitted since v1.8.1. This restriction is now removed.
Changed the behaviour of clearing the charge engine caches Clearing the charge engine (Edify) caches unprepares all reports. The button on the About page now reflects this.
It is now possible to use decimal values for adjustment amounts Previously this was only possible through the API. The GUI has been updated to also support this.
Changing the date in the invoice report no longer resets the account selection Previously, when changing the date range on the invoice report screen, the current account selection (dropdown inside the invoice page) would automatically select the first account in the list. This has now been fixed to remember the selection when changing the date.
Exivity now works correctly when installed in a directory containing spaces
Transcript variables were not properly expanded when using in an import filter
Export of consolidated invoice now contains data for all accounts Previously, selecting the CSV or Excel export of a consolidated invoice would only export data for the first account on the invoice.
Fixed crash bug in the 'services' statement When creating services, Transcript will no longer crash if a blank interval or model value is encountered while building the service definitions.
June 06, 2018
New features
Minimum commit is now supported in the charge engine When generating a report, the results for any services that have a minimum commit value (and for which the usage does not meet that minimum commit quantity) will be adjusted to reflect that minimum commit value.
Updates to internal service and rate schema The rate attributes min_commit
and threshold
are now implemented and the API will return a slightly different schema for the /v1/services
endpoint (and related /v1/dump
models) - the rate_type
attribute is now called charge_type
. More information can be found at https://api.exivity.com/#0f8c2ac2-1f56-3c54-3000-210a5e94bd61
The charge engine now includes information about proration adjustments When applying proration to a monthly service, the charge engine will now include information in the raw report data which shows the amount that the unprorated charged was reduced by. This information will be used by the GUI in a future release.
Proration is now applied to monthly services where applicable Report results for monthly services that are flagged as being prorated will now reflect a percentage of the monthly charge, based on the number of days in the month that the service is used.
GUI preferences are now saved for each user For example, selected reports, date ranges and filters are now persisted for each user, so they can be restored after logging out and in again.
The charge engine can now execute a script passed to it via standard input The charge engine can now execute a reportfile passed to it via standard input. This internal change results in fewer termporary files on disk during normal use.
Error reporting can now be disabled in configuration
Transcript can now import usage data from existing RDFs The 'import' statement in Transcript can now retrieve the raw usage data from an existing RDF file.
Usernames are no longer case sensitive when loggin in
Transformers now always run with loglevel = warn
when triggered in workflows
Service and service category filters now only show items actually in the visible report
USE will now trap more HTTP errors When enacting some HTTP operations, if an error such as a timeout or invalid host is encountered, USE will now return an error in the HTTP_STATUS_CODE variable instead of automatically terminating the script.
Added daily usage information for monthly services in the charge engine When generating a report, the charge engine will now include information about the usage quantity for each day in the charge interval. This information will be used by the GUI in a future release.
Drilldown functionality is now available from the legend in reports
Reference account information in ETL Account information can now be imported directly during the data transformation step, such that existing account data can be used to enrich the data being processed.
Increased HTTP client timeout USE will now wait for a three minutes by default before deciding that the connection has timed out if no data is received after the initial connection to a server has been made.
Improved the syntax for options to the 'import' statement in Transcript The options supported by the 'import' statement must now be formatted such that there is a single option per line of script. This removes the previous requirement to quote the list of column names when using 'select' and 'ignore', as well as the requirement to quote the expression used by the 'filter' option.
Added a system variable to return the last day of any given month A new system variable has been implemented which will return the last day in any given calendar month.
The 'correlate' transform now supports a default DSET for column names The 'correlate' statement always uses the default DSET as the destination for correlated columns but now supports an 'assume' parameter which determines the default DSET within which to locate non-fully-qualified source columns.
Added a button to the detailed widget in reports to toggle search field
Added an option to configuration to add a custom Google Analytics property
The charge engine can now be used to identify unused service definitions
The charge engine now supports the ability to retrieve a list of services which are not used by any existing reports.
Bug fixes
Fixed an issue where the depth filter wouldn't reload after preparing a report
Improved the print/PDF layout of consolidated invoices
Fixed a bug where the summary in Instance reports would sometimes remain empty
The charge engine now correctly deletes un-needed RDFs The charge engine now includes a mechanism to 'unload' historical data. This is an internal mechanism which will be used by the GUI in a future release.
Services for users with limited access to accounts are now filtered
When creating services, an instancecol parameter is now required _Previously it was possible to create services with no instance_col specified. This would result in missing data in reports if no instance_col was specified. Transcript now requires that an instance_col parameter is provided to the 'service' and 'services' statements.
Consolidated invoices can now be exported to PDF
Fixed an issue where in some circumstances the reports wouldn't load
It is now possible to view budget audit trails
The 'import' statement in Transcript now correctly imports usage data in all forms of the statement Fixed a bug whereby when using automatic source and alias tagging, the 'import' statement would not permit the importing of usage data from an existing RDF
Improved readability of text when a light background colour is chosen
USE will no longer reject some valid expressions In some cases, a valid expression in a script was rejected as having an unbalanced number of brackets. This has now been fixed.
The charge engine can now delete services associated with DSETs that are unused by any reports Fixed a bug where the charge engine would not correctly delete services if there were no RDF files for the DSET that the service is associated with.
The reset pins button has been moved to the top of the detailed widget in reports
May 03, 2018
New features
Implemented search field in report details table Ability to filter and pin a selection using a search query in the Accounts, Services and Instances report details table
Quantity adjustments can now be applied to a customer Adjustments can now also be set to affect quantities instead of charges. Both relative and absolute quantity adjustments are supported.
Ability to show consumed quantity in a report
Ability in transcript to convert number bases The following is now possible in a transcript: convert colName from dec|hex to dec|hex
It is now possible in the Invoice cost report to consolidate all child accounts on a single page
Added option to create workflow step which purges Proximity cache.
Beta version of budget manager & viewer is now available.
Bug fixes
When encrypting a variable it could get corrupted
Transcript could previously crash when running for a large date range
Workflows status tab did not consistently show historical log files
Fix for Invoice report error "Depth can't be empty, 0 or greater than 5"
April 13, 2018
Bug fixes
Extractor arguments where not used correctly when running USE script interactively from GUI
Report timeline graph could previously show zero when there's consumption
v1.6.1
April 13, 2018
New features
Add profile page where logged in users can change their own e-mail address and password.
Bug fixes
Fixed issue where scheduling multiple steps could corrupt Workflow WARNING: as of this release it is required to re-create your Workflows from scratch, to avoid potential issues
Fix loading overlays to improve multitasking in GUI
Fixed an upgrade bug which caused creating report definitions to be broken
Ability to specify to and from dates for transformers in workflows.
v1.6.0
April 8, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-971] - Implement day and month name variables in USE
[EXVT-973] - Add option to enable.disable client certificate support in USE
[EXVT-979] - Scheduler is now called workflows
[EXVT-1021] - When using COLNAME_NOT_EXISTS in a filter, it always evaluates to 'TRUE'
[EXVT-1024] - Internal Error when applying filters in a 'where' statement if import options are used
[EXVT-396] - Garbage collector
[EXVT-744] - Glass config file for default port/host
[EXVT-749] - Stacked bar chart option in accounts/services report, including optimized legend
[EXVT-805] - Extend `Run` tab in Transformer with `from` and `to` date
[EXVT-966] - Added Instance reports
[EXVT-985] - Make toggle so reports can go fullscreen
[EXVT-986] - Connect graphs + legend
[EXVT-988] - All lists in the front-end are now sorted alphabetically
[EXVT-993] - Ability to pin report items
March 26, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-370] - Add support for SAML Single Sign-On
[EXVT-849] - Add ability in transcript aggregate to average the values from a column
[EXVT-879] - Add ability to base new extractor on templates from GitHub repository
[EXVT-958] - Enhance the 'hash' statement in USE to support base-64 encoding of the result
[EXVT-780] - Fixed manually editing the value of an encrypted variable in USE can cause a crash
[EXVT-924] - Fixed Eterenity hourly schedule does not consider start date
[EXVT-946] - Fixed OSI_TIME_UTC variable is missing a trailing Z
[EXVT-947] - Fixed some accounts show slight discrepancies when comparing to Excel calculation
[EXVT-949] - Fixed radio buttons don't update when changing adjustments in Glass
March 19, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-940] - Fixed duplicate headings not always eliminated in filtered import in Transcript
[EXVT-941] - Fixed a Transcript crash on 'move rows' or 'delete' after a 'replace'.
March 16, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-871] - Added 'include' statement to Transcript
[EXVT-932] - Added UTC versions of time-related variables in USE
[EXVT-105] - The API can now render an invoice report as a native PDF document
[EXVT-691] - Ability to change the service description via the GUI
[EXVT-779] - Made updating of Extractor variables more robust, and added support for encrypted variables in the GUI
[EXVT-810] - Added the ability to use wildcard in import statement in USE
[EXVT-823] - Added a daterange wrapper for Transcript
February 23, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-889] - Fixed a corner case where USE can stop working when executed from Glass
February 23, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-720] - Add option to choose custom currency symbol
[EXVT-741] - Move report selector to sidebar
[EXVT-847] - Improved syntax highlighting for USE and Transcript in the Glass script editor
[EXVT-868] - Add additional checks to global conditions in Transcript
[EXVT-827] - Implement import filters in Transcript
[EXVT-881] - Add escaping option to import statement in Transcript
[EXVT-476] - Added scheduler interface
[EXVT-798] - Add report depth breadcrumbs to reports
[EXVT-832] - Extractor log is now shown when running on-demand through GUI
[EXVT-842] - Fixed an issue which caused small discrepancies when using different reporting definitions
A full changelog is available upon request.
February 09, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-102] - Ability to extract data from databases using ODBC connection
[EXVT-693] - Scheduler endpoints in API
[EXVT-802] - Ability to schedule the preparation of report definitions through the GUI
[EXVT-774] - Enhanced conditional execution in Transcript with support for regex matching
A full changelog is available upon request.
February 03, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-818] - Fix for Cannot read property 'relationships' of undefined
error when logging in as a user with limited account permissions.
A full changelog is available upon request.
February 02, 2018
Notable new features
[EXVT-253] - Syntax highlighting for USE
[EXVT-255] - Add support for XML data extraction in USE
[EXVT-600] - Enable parallel processing in Eternity
[EXVT-681] - Create USE script for reading AWS S3 bucket
[EXVT-717] - Extractor and Transformer execution must show last 25 lines of corresponding log file
[EXVT-739] - Perform cross-browser test and add warning in unsupported browsers.
[EXVT-770] - Improve orbit performance when syncing large amounts of records
[EXVT-777] - Select single days in datepicker
[EXVT-783] - Support in Eternity for hourly and monthly schedules
A full changelog is available upon request.
January 12, 2018
Initial release.
The Services report provides the ability to report on your metered-based IT consumption costs from a Services perspective.
Once logged into the system, go to Reports > Services. From here you will get a report grouped by the services consumed. This report can be refined using a number of filters.
Once you have selected your date range and report you can start viewing your data. By default, it will show all consumed services for this report for the accounts you have permission to access. If you want to limit your view you can change the reporting 'Depth', and then apply additional filters such as:
Category - to only view certain Service Categories
Account - to limit your view to all services belonging to a certain account
When filtering the services for a specific account, it is recommended to start from the Accounts Report where you can drill down into a specific account. Once the account has been picked, switch the view to the services associated with that account using the buttons in the detailed report:
The Summary report provides a detailed breakdown of costs in an invoice-like format. The services defined in the system determine what you'll see here.
Once logged into the system, go to Reports > Summary. From here you're able to generate different kinds of detailed costs reports, which can be used for billing, chargeback and showback.
Once you have selected your date range and chosen which report you to activate will be presented with the summary cost report as shown above. By default it will show all consumed services for an account. As accounts are heirarchical, this view will include consumed services for all children of the selected account. Therefore it is important that you select an appropriate Depth when running this report.
The Summary report has a few options that you can turn on and off. These options allow you to tune the amount of detail shown and the grouping applied to it:
If you want to include a detailed grouping of Services and Service Categories, then ensure that the Services
checkbox is enabled. The same goes for including Instance level information. The latter enables you to view resource level consumption data, such as the Virtual Machine hostname, Container or User Name.
The Accounts report provides the ability to drill down into your metered based IT consumption costs. The way you've created your Report, determines on what values you can zoom into.
Once you've logged into the system, go to "Reports" > 'Accounts'. Here are a few key parameters you can use to define how your report is generated:
The date selector is important to limit the scope of data you're focusing on.
First, select the date range you are interested in. This can be a single month, a 3-month time period, half a year, a full year, or a custom date range.
Your Exivity solution can have more than one report definition created. If this is the case, you will need to select the appropriate report containing the data you wish to examine. An end user will only see reports listed that they have permissions to, and the first of those is automatically selected.
After selecting a date range and report you can start drilling down into your data in a number of ways:
Moving your mouse over one of the accounts will reveal a toolbar as shown above. For each account, you have the option to click on the Drilldown control in that toolbar. This will do the following:
Descends one level deeper into the report
Updates your view of the data to reflect that deeper level
Sets the 'Parent' filter to the account you selected to drill down on
As well as the ability to drill down you can also view the Services associated with an account on any level of your report. Note that this will change your view from the Accounts report to the Services report.
The Instances report will provide an overview of all chargeable resources. It is recommended to apply filters to this report. Therefore the best approach is to drill down into Instances from the Accounts or Services report. This allows a user to easily drill down into all resource instances for a particular Account, Service, or both:
Opening the Instances report without any filters applied can take a while to load depending on the number of records in the selected reporting period.
Currently available as a beta feature
After configuring a budget, it is possible to report on current budget spendings. To do so, first browse to the Reports > Budget screen and select a Budget from the drop-down list:
Also, make sure to select a date range that matches with one or more of the configured budget revisions. Once selected, the budget report will start loading. This may take a few seconds, and a report similar to this will be shown on your screen:
Subscriptions enable users to manage one-off and recurring transactions for charging non-metered services.
One-off Subscriptions may be used for managing server setup fees or applying a one-off correction.
Recurring Subscriptions are typically used to charge a specific service for a certain quantity every month or every year.
Subscriptions are always applied to a leaf account on the deepest level of a Report definition.
To create a subscription, first, browse to the Accounts > Subscriptions menu. In the Subscriptions menu, it is now first required to select a 'leaf account' (meaning: an account at the deepest level of a report definition). Once this account has been selected, a new Subscription can be created:
When creating a new subscription, it is mandatory to first give it a name and select the Service Category and Service where this Subscription applies to:
Once a Service has been selected, depending on the type of Service, you are either free to fill in a customer Subscription Rate and optional Cost. If this service has already rates configured in Exivity, it will automatically show and use those:
Next the Interval section will be required to fill in. First provide the Subscription Type, which can be either a Recurring subscription or a One-off transaction. In the case of a Recurring subscription, it is required to provide an Interval of Daily, Monthly or Yearly. This determines how often the Subscription is being charged. Then the Subscription Start date needs to be set, which determines the initial charge date. Also an optional End date be configured. If none is provided, it will be charged until the Subscription is removed, or changed later to include an End date.
When subscribing to a Service which has Manual rates configured, the Subscription inheretes the rate from the Global rate revision of the subscribed Service. It is therefore required to have the start date of the Subscription set to an equal or more recent date than the oldest configured Global Rate Revision of the subscribed Service.
When creating a Monthly or Yearly Subscription, it is also required to select a Charge day. This determines the day of the month when the Subscription is being charged. In case of a Yearly subscription, it will also be required to specify a Charge month, to indicate which month of the year the Subscription will be charged:
The last step in creating the subscription is specifying a consumed Quantity, which should reflect the number of units being charged per interval. Optionally an Instance Identifier may be specified. If none provided, it will fall back to the name of the Subscription.
Click the Create button to create this subscription. In case you are creating a Subscription with a historical Start date, it will then be required to use the Create - with preparing button:
In case you are creating multiple Subscriptions, it is advisable to stack these creations to avoid having to execute Create - With preparing multiple times in a row.
It is possible to define a Budget on any level within your organisation. This enables different audiences to monitor costs across different clouds. When combining this feature with Notifications, a business owner can now set budget thresholds to inform customers, departments, or project owners when they are reaching their configured budget.
In order to create a budget, navigate to Accounts > Budgets. Then click the Create button to create a new budget. In this menu, a couple of items are presented:
Global options apply on the entire budget, and aply to the following items:
Interval: determine whether the budget is applied Monthly, Quarterly or Yearly
Apply to: a configured budget is by default applied to the total Charge of the configured Interval. It is however also possible to create a budget which is applied to the Cost of Cogs (COGS) instead
A budget configuration can potentially change year over year, and therefore it is possible to create different budget revisions. Each revision can have the following settings applied:
Revision start date: the start Month, Quarter or Year for this budget revision
Filter by: typically a budget is applied to a single or multiple Accounts. It is however possible to add additional filtering on Service or Service Category. By applying Service based filtering, it is possible to limit the scope for a configured budget
When a budget is created, it is possible to set a budget money amount for one or multiple accounts. In case each account for which a budget is set, also has 1 or multiple levels of child accounts, it is possible to control how the budget 'trickles down' the organisational structure:
Account selection: it is required to select an Account from any level in your Report Definition. It is the possible to set a budget value (i.e. $100000) in the grey box next to the Account.
The same applies to any Child Accounts for which you may set/overwrite a budget. You may add a Child Account to the list, by click the green button left of the account name
NOTE: a child account may also be excluded from a budget, by clicking the Exclude checkbox right of the name of the Account
Remainder: using the Remainder drop-down it is possible to control the distribution of the budget towards child accounts. The two options to pick by default are:
even: each child account will get an even amount of budget. Example :Consider a top level account 'ACME Corp' with a monthly budget set of $100.000. When 'ACME Corp' has 10 child 'Business Unit' accounts , each of these 'Business Units' will get an even amount of the budget: In this case this will be $10.000.
shared: when the distribution of the remainer is set to shared, the consumption of child accounts is ignored. As long as the total spendings of all child accounts does not go beyond the configured budget. Example: Consider a top level account 'ACME Corp' with a monthly budget set of $100.000. When 'ACME Corp' has 10 child 'Business Unit' accounts , each of these 'Business Units' combined should not use more then $100.000.
none: the option to not distribute any remainders is only applicable when overriding the budget percentage for each child account. This means it is required set a distinct budget percentage manually for each child account.
To create the Budget, click the Create button. It is now possible to view the spendings under budget via the Budget Report
An existing budget can be changed by navigating to Accounts > Budgets, and then clicking the budget which you want to change.
Once a budget has been saved, you will be unable to change the start date unless you edit the Budget Revision:
Once you have enabled edit mode for an existing Budget Revision, you will be able to change the start date:
After making these changes you will need to save these by click the blue checkbox on the right. You can also cancel your changed using the blue x-sign, or delete the revision by clicking the red recycle bin.
Similar to changing a Budget Revision, it is possible to add a new revision that holds a different start date with revised budget plan. To do this, you will need to click the green + sign:
Adjustments allow a user to create account-specific rate adjustment policies. An Adjustment policy supports applying a discount or a premium using one of these modifiers:
a certain amount of money (i.e. $ 100)
a certain quantity (i.e. 100 GB/hours)
a percentage (i.e. 10%)
This Adjustment can then be applied to a single service, multiple different services, or one or more service categories.
To create a new Adjustment policy for an account, follow these steps:
From the menu on the left, select 'Services' > 'Adjustments'
Then select the Account from the list of accounts for which you want to create an adjustment policy
After selecting the account, click 'Add Policy', and provide a meaningful name for your policy in right screen where it says 'Adjustment name'
Provide the Start date, by selecting the initial month when this adjustment policy is applied
Provide the End date, by selecting the month when this adjustment policy will be discontinued. This is optional since an adjustment policy can be applied permanently.
Select which Service or Service Category this policy is applied to. You are able to select multiple using the check-boxes that are provided. It is also possible to select all available service categories, which effectively applies the discount to all possible services.
Select a Type for this adjustment. This can be either a Discount or a Premium
Select the Target, meaning: is this Adjustment targeting the total Charge or the total Quantity of the selected service(s)?
Select the Difference setting, to indicate an Absolute value (i.e. 100 units, or 100 dollars) or a Relative value (such as 10%)
Lastly, provide the Adjustment value. In the example shown in the image above, there is a value of '10' provided in the Amount field, which will adjust the total charge with -10% given the provided parameters.
When you're done, click the Add Policy button. Your changes are now applied to all charge-related reports.
The 'Rates' screen allows you to configure manual rates for services that do not have a rate provided with their data source. Before you can use this screen, it is required to create the necessary service(s) via the Transcript engine. When that requirement has been fulfilled, you may configure Global and customer-specific rate configurations. The following rate types are currently supported for automatic, daily, and monthly services:
automatic per unit
automatic per interval
automatic per unit & interval
manual per unit
manual per interval
manual per unit & interval
Automatic services obtain the rate and/or interval value from a column you specify, whereas manual services allow the user to manually specify a rate and fixed interval money value. For manual services, if a service definition has proration enabled, the charge on the cost reports is calculated based on the actual consumption (see services).
By default each service has a global rate configured, which will be applied to all accounts that consume this service. However, it is possible to use customer specific rates by overriding a service rate for one ore multiple accounts.
A manual service can have up to 3 rate values that can be changed: the unit rate, the interval money value and the COGS rate. To change these values, go the 'Services' > 'Rates' screen and click on the service name for which you want to change the global rate value:
To change the rate values of this service, consider the following:
Effective date is the date from when this rate is applied to the service. A service can have one or multiple revisions. You may add new rate revisions by using the Add Revision button. Existing rate revision dates can be changed using the Change Date option
The Per Unit rate value is the value that the service charged for, every (portion of) configured interval service. In this example, if this would be a daily service that is charged 1 euro per Gigabyte of database usage, and each day a 100 GB database is consumed, a value of € 100 will be charged per day (and € 3100 if used for entire month of December)
The Per Interval charge is applied every occurrence of the consumed service, regardless of the total consumed quantity of that service. In the previous example at 2, this would mean every day a value of 110 euro will be charged for a 100 GB database: 100 euro because of the standard rate + 10 euro for the fixed interval charge. Considering the same consumption for the entire month of December, the total charge for that month will be 31 x € 110 = € 3410
It is possible to configure a COGS rate for this service. This is applied the same way as the Per Unit rate
To delete an invalid or wrong revision, use the Remove Revision button. Do bear in mind you cannot delete the last rate revision for a service
To save your changes, which will also initiate a re-preparation of the applicable Report. click the Save Revision button (see defining reports to learn more about report preparation)
If you are planning to make more changes to other services in the same report definition, use the Save Revision > Without Preparing option. This will avoid running the re-preparation several times, and allows you to start the re-preparation only after you've made all of the required rate changes.
Extraction is the process by which USE (Unified Scriptable Extractor) retrieves data from external locations. The following types of data source are supported:
A USE script is required for USE to operate. Further information can be found via the links below:
An introductory overview of the scripting language:
A reference guide for the USE scripting language:
How to parse XML and JSON data
Template scripts that can be used as starting points for common data sources:
The services screen gives a user the ability to view and change the available services in the service catalogue of the Exivity deployment. When creating new services, it is required to use a Transformer with the service or services statement.
To view the details of a service that has already been created, click on one of the services listed in the 'Services' > 'Overview' screen:
It is possible to add a new service or changing an existing one using the following parameters:
The description contains the friendly name for this service
The unique key value of this service (see service)
The time-stamp when the service was created
The time-stamp when the service was updated
The DataSet where this service relates to
Where to obtain the service name from (in the header or in the data). The value will be used for the service description (see 1)
The source column that has the consumed quantity
The Instance column refers to the chargeable instance column value (i.e. VM ID) which is required for automatic Services
The interval defines the frequency of how often this service is being charged. Meaning: automatic (every occurrence/record/hour), daily or monthly
When using proration, this checkbox will be enabled. Proration takes into account whether to charge for a portion of a consumption interval. For example: when having 10 days of consumption for a monthly service with a rate configured of € 90 per unit that has proration enabled, will result in a line item of € 30 for that service monthly charge
The Billing Type provides information whether this is a service that has manual (using manually provided, adjustable-rate value) or automatic (using rate column) rates configured
COGS (Cost of Goods) of a service will have its own rate configuration, which can be either manual/automatic per unit or manual/automatic per interval
In case you need to change the configuration of an already populated service, the GUI enables you to do so. To change an existing service you will need to make sure that you have first selected the appropriate report from the Report Selector and the left top of the screen. To change the configuration or delete a service, you will need to follow these steps:
Navigate to the Services > Overview menu and click the white Edit button at the top of the service list. The system will warn you that any changes made to the existing service, may require you to re-Prepare the currently selected Report , found at Data pipelines > Reports.
If you have confirmed the warning message, you will be able to select one, multiple or all of the services within the currently selected Report . You can then select the Delete button next to the Edit button, to delete all selected services.
If you want to change the configuration of one of the services, you should first select the service which you'd like to change.
When you have the service that you want to change selected, you can change any of the available parameters such as the Instance Column, Interval, etc. Once you are satisfied with your changes, you may press the Update button.
Ensure to re-Prepare your Report in case you have made any changes.
Although we recommend automatically creating services from the Transformer ETL process, it is also possible to manually create a service in the GUI. To create a new service, navigate to the Services > Overview menu and click the Edit button at the top of service list. The system will warn you that any changes made to existing service, may require you to re-Prepare the currently selected Report , found at Data pipelines > Reports.
After confirmation of this warning message, the Create button is enabled:
Now it is possible to create a new service. Ensure to fill in all fields, since all are mandatory:
When your new service configuration satisfies your need, you may click the Create button. Ensure to add a rate revision afterward.
Once a Metadata Defenition has been applied to a Dataset, it is possible to apply tagging or other metadata key/values to a service. This can be achieved by selecting a service and then selecting the Metadata tab:
In this tab it is possible to configure all metadata fields which are available in the parent Dataset. To save your changes, click the Update button.
Example subroutines which can be used in your data Extractors
The function in a data Extractor allows invoking a in a data extractor script. Subroutines are useful to avoid having to duplicate code snippets.
Our customers and Solution Architects have created several useful subroutines over the last few years. We are keeping a small library of the most useful ones on our public docs. You can find them listed on this page.
USE scripts are stored in <basedir>/system/config/use
, and are ASCII files which can be created with any editor. Both UNIX and Windows end-of-line formats are supported but in certain circumstances they may be automatically converted to UNIX end-of-line format.
Each statement in a USE script must be contained on a single line. Statements consist of a keyword followed by zero or more parameters separated by whitespace. The contains documentation for each statement.
By default, a space, tab or newline will mark the end of a word in a USE script. To include whitespace in a word (for example to create a variable with a space in it) then double quotes - "
- or an escape - \
- must be used to prevent the parser from interpreting the space as an end of word marker. Unless within double quotes, to specify a literal tab or space character it must be escaped by preceding it with a backslash character - \
.
Examples:
The following table summarises the behaviour:
Comments in a USE script start with a #
character that is either of
the first character of a line
the first character in a word
Comments always end at the end of the line they were started on
USE scripts often make use of variables. Variables have a name and a value. When a variable name is encountered on any given line during execution of the script, the name is replaced with the value before the line is executed.
To reference a variable, the name should be preceded with ${
and followed by }
. For example to access the value of a variable called username, it should be written as ${username}
.
The length (in characters) of a variable can be determined by appending .LENGTH
to the variable name when referencing it. Thus if a variable called result has a value of success then ${result.LENGTH}
will be replaced with 7
.
Variables may be exposed in the GUI by prefixing their declaration with the word public
as follows:
Any variable so marked may be edited using a form in the GUI before the script is executed. If a public variable is followed by a comment on the same line, then the GUI will display that comment for reference. If there is no comment on the same line, then the line before the variable declaration is checked, and if it starts with a comment then this is used. Both variants are shown in the example below:
If a variable declaration has both kinds of comment associated with it then the comment on the same line as the variable declaration will be used
A named buffer (also termed a response buffer) contains data retrieved from an external source, such as an HTTP or ODBC request. Buffers are created with the buffer
statement.
Once created, a buffer can be referenced by enclosing its name in {
and }
as follows:
Buffer names may be up to 31 characters in length
Up to 128 buffers may exist simultaneously
Up to 2Gb of data can be stored in any given buffer (memory permitting)
Parslets are used to extract data from from the contents of a named buffer.
The 'Data pipelines' menu allows an admin of the Exivity solution to manage USE 'Extractors'. USE has its own language reference, which is fully covered in a separate chapter of this documentation.
As described in the , you are free to use your editor of choice to create and modify USE Extractors. However, the GUI also comes with a built-in USE Extractor-editor.
To create a new USE Extractor, follow these steps:
From the menu on the left, select "Data pipelines" > 'Extractors'
To create a new USE Extractor where you want pull usage or lookup data from, click the 'Add Extractors' button
Provide a meaningful name for your USE Extractor. In the above example we're creating an USE Extractor for VMware vCenter 6.5 and higher. Therefore we call this USE Extractor : 'vCenter 6.5'
When you're done creating your USE Extractor, click the 'Insert' at the bottom of the screen
When you want to change or delete an existing USE Extractor, first select one from the list of USE Extractors that you want to change:
After you select your USE Extractor, you can change its variable values at the 'Variables' tab.
At the "Editor" tab you can make more advanced changes or delete the original USE-script. Such as:
changing existing API calls
changing csv output format
Don't forget to save any changes with the "SAVE" button.
To test your USE Extractor, you can execute or schedule it directly from the Glass interface:
After you have selected the USE Extractor that you would like to run, click to the 'Run' tab next to the 'Editor' tab
Most Extractors require one or more parameters, usually in a date format such as 20171231. In this example, the USE Extractor requires two parameters: a from and to date
When you've provided the required run parameters, click 'Run Now' to execute the USE Extractor. After the USE Extractor has completed running, you will receive some success or failed message, after which you might need to make additional changes to your USE Extractor
Once you're happy with your output, you can schedule the USE Extractor via the 'Schedule' tab, which is located next to the 'Run' tab at the top of the screen.
USE Extractors can be scheduled to run once a day at a specific time. Also you should provide a from and (optionally) to date, which are provided by using an offset value. For example, if you want to use the day before yesterday as a from date, you should use the down pointing arrows on the right, to select a value of -2. If the to date should always correspond with yesterdays date, you should provide a value there of -1.
If your Use Extractor requires additional parameters, you may provide these as well in the 'Schedule with these arguments' text field.
When you're done with the schedule configuration, you may click the 'Schedule' button. In case you want to change or remove this schedule afterwards, click the 'Unschedule' button.
As of version 1.6, it is recommend to use the Workflow function instead of the Extractor schedule
Exivity provides a catalogue of USE extraction scripts that can be used to integrate with almost any cloud provider, hypervisor or legacy IT end point. We've published some of our for your convenience.
This repository contains Extractors for VMware, Azure, Amazon and others. However, if you are currently missing an integration template and are unwilling or unable to create your own, feel free to drop us an e-mail at .
After populating a with data from an external source such as an HTTP request or a file, it is often necessary to extract fields from it for uses such as creating subsequent HTTP requests or rendering output files.
This is accomplished using parslets. There are two types of parslet, static and dynamic. In both cases, when a parslet is used in a script it is expanded such that it is replaced with the value it is referencing, just like a variable is.
Static parslets refer to a fixed location in XML or JSON data
Dynamic parslets are used in conjunction with loops to retrieve values when iterating over arrays in XML or JSON data
Parslets can be used to query JSON or XML data. Although JSON is used for illustrative purposes, some additional notes specific to XML can be found further down in this article.
Consider the example JSON shown below:
The object containing all the data (known as the root node) contains the following children:
Objects and arrays can be nested to any depth in JSON. The children of nested objects and arays are not considered as children of the object containing those objects and arrays, i.e. the children of the heading
object are not considered as children of the root object.
Every individual 'thing' in JSON data, regardless of its type is termed a node.
Although different system return JSON in different forms, the JSON standard dictates that the basic principles apply universally to all of them. Thus, any possible valid JSON may contain arrays, objects, strings, boolean values (true or false values), numbers and null children.
It is often the case that the number of elements in arrays is not known in advance, therefore a means of iterating over all the elements in an array is required to extract arbitrary data from JSON. This principle also applies to objects, in that an object may contain any number of children of any valid type. Valid types are:
Some systems return JSON in a fixed and predictable format, whereas others may return objects and arrays of varying length and content. The documentation for any given API should indicate which fields are always going to be present and which may or may not be so.
Static parslets act like variables in that the parslet itself is expanded such that the extracted data replaces it. Static parslets extract a single field from the data and require that the location of that field is known in advance.
The values associated with these fields can be extracted using a static parslet which is specified using the following syntax:
$JSON{buffer_name}.[node_path]
Static parslets always specify a named buffer in curly braces immediately after the $JSON
prefix
The node_path describes the location and name of the node containing the value we wish to extract. Starting at the root node, the name of each node leading to the required value is specified in square brackets. Each set of square brackets is separated by a dot.
The nodepaths for the fixed nodes described above are therefore as follows:
Putting all the above together, the parslet for locating the category in the heading is therefore:
$JSON{example}.[heading].[category]
When this parslet is used in a USE script, the value associated with the parslet is extracted and the parslet is replaced with this extracted value. For example:
print $JSON{example}.[heading].[category]
will result in the word Documentation being output by the statement, and:
var category = $JSON{example}.[heading].[category]
will create a variable called category with a value of Documentation.
Currently, a parslet must be followed by whitespace in order to be correctly expanded. If you want to embed the value into a longer string, create a variable from a parslet and use that instead:
When using JSON parslets that reference values that may contain whitespace it is sometimes necessary to enclose them in double quotes to prevent the extracted value being treated as multiple words by the script
It may be required to extract values from a JSON array which contains values that do not have names as shown below:
The result of executing the above against the sample data is:
If the anonymous arrays have a known fixed length then it is also possible to simply stream the values out to the CSV without bothering to assign them to variables. Thus assuming that the elements in the metrics
array always had two values, the following would also work:
Dynamic parslets are used in to extract data from locations in the data that are not known in advance, such as when an array of unknown length is traversed in order to retrieve a value from each element in the array.
Note the following differences between a static parslet and a dynamic parslet:
Parentheses are used to surround the name of the foreach loop (as opposed to curly braces)
The nodepath following a dynamic parslet is relative to the target of the foreach loop
The following script fragment will render the elements in the items array (in the example JSON above) to disk as a CSV file.
In the example above, the first foreach
loop iterates over the elements in the 'items' array, and each of the dynamic parslets extract values from the current element in that loop. The dynamic parslets use the current element, this_item as the root for their node paths.
If a parslet references a non-existent location in the XML or JSON data then it will resolve to the value EXIVITY_NOT_FOUND
XML parslets work in exactly the same way that JSON parslets do, apart from the following minor differences:
XML parslets are prefixed $XML
When extracting data from XML, the foreach
statement only supports iterating over XML arrays (whereas JSON supports iterating over objects and arrays)
An XML parslet may access an XML attribute
To access an XML attribute, the node_path should end with [@atrribute_name]
where attribute_name is the name of the attribute to extract. For example given the following data in a buffer called xmlbuf
:
The following script:
will produce the following output:
Currently, comments should not be used on the same line as the statement as it will consider the comment as part of the value to encrypt
Variables may be explicitly declared using the statement, or may be automatically created as a consequence of actions performed in the script. Additionally, a number of variables are automatically created before a script is executed.
For a list of variables created automatically please consult the article on the statement
It may be desirable to conceal the value of some variables (such as passwords) rather than have them represented as plain text in a USE script. This can be accomplished via the statement.
Please refer to the full article on for more information on parslets and their use.
When your Exivity instance has access to the Internet, it will pull in the latest set of Extraction Templates from our account. These templates are then presented to you, and you can pick one from the list to start Extracting. If you don't have access to the internet, you can download them directly from Github. You are also free to start creating your own Extractor from scratch.
Parslets are the means by which USE locates and extracts fields of interest in any valid JSON data, regardless of the structure. For full details of the JSON data format, please refer to
In the example JSON above, let us assume that the data is held in a called example
and that the title
and heading
children are guaranteed to be present. Further, the heading
object always has the children category
and finalised
. Note that for all of these guaranteed fields, the value associated with them is indeterminate.
The buffer_name is the name of the buffer containing the JSON data, which must have previously been populated using the statement.
Extraction of values that do not have names can be accomplished via the use of nested loops in conjunction with an empty nodepath ([]
) as follows:
Which method is used will depend on the nature of the input data. Note that the special variable ${loopname.COUNT}
(where loopname is the label of the enclosing foreach
loop) is useful in many contexts for applying selective processing to each element in an array or object as it will be automatically incremented every time the loop iterates. See for more information.
A dynamic parslet must be used in conjunction with a loop and takes the following form:
A dynamic parslet does not reference a named buffer directly, rather it references the name of a loop
Type
Description
APIs
Typically, usage data is retrieved from the API or APIs provided by the cloud (or clouds) for which reports need to be generated. This is usually a REST API accessed via HTTP/S.
Files
A file on the local file-system or on a shared volume. This is usually a CSV, JSON or XML file.
Exivity
In some cases it is useful to retrieve information from Exivity itself, such that accounts and usage data that were created historically can be incorporated into the daily processing.
Database
Arbitrary SQL queries can be executed against an SQL server either via a direct connection string or via an ODBC DSN.
Web
Arbitrary HTTP queries can be invoked in order to retrieve information from any web page accessible from the Exivity server.
Child | Type |
title | string |
heading | object |
items | array |
Type | Description |
| A node encompassing zero or more child nodes (termed children) of any type |
| A list of children, which may be of any type (but all children in any given array must be of the same type) |
| Textual data |
| Numeric data, may be integer or floating point |
| A true or false value |
| A null value |
Nodepath | Referenced value |
| Example JSON data |
| Documentation |
| true |
Characters | Meaning |
| Anything inside the quotes, except for a newline, is treated as literal text |
| Whether within quotes or not, this is expanded to a double quote - |
| When used outside quotes, this is expanded to a TAB character |
| When used outside quotes, a space following the |
| When used outside quotes, this is expanded to a backslash - |
The aws_sign_String
statement is used to generate an AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 signature, used as the signature component of the Authorization
HTTP header when calling the AWS API.
aws_sign_string
varName
using
secret_key date region service
The authentication method used by AWS requires the generation of an authorization signature which is derived from a secret key known to the client along with specific elements of the query being made to the API.
This is a fairly involved process and a full step-by-step walkthrough is provided by Amazon on the following pages (these should be read in the order listed below):
The aws_sign_string
statement is used to generate the final signature as detailed on the calculate signature page listed above.
Note that in order to use this statement it is necessary to have the following strings available:
A string to sign, obtained by following the process creating a string to sign, containing meta-data about the request being made
A secret_key, obtained from Amazon which is used by any client application authorising against their API
The date associated with the API request, in YYYYMMDD format
The AWS region associated with the API request (for example eu-central-1)
The AWS service being accessed (for example s3)
The aws_sign_string
statement will use these inputs to generate the HMAC-SHA256 signature which is a component of the Authorization
header when connecting to the API itself.
The varName
parameter is the name of a variable containing the string to sign. After executing aws_sign_string
the contents of this same variable will have been updated to the base-16 encoded signature value.
If there are any errors in the string to sign, _date, AWS region or AWS service strings used as input to aws_sign_string
then a signature will still be generated, but the AWS API will reject the request. In this case it is necessary to review the process by which these strings were created as per the AWS guide provided above.
The following is an example USE script that implements everything described above.
The basename
statement is used to extract the filename portion of a path + filename string
basename
varName
basename
string
as
varName
Given a string describing the full path of a file, such as /extracted/test/mydata.csv the basename
statement is used to identify the filename (including the file extension, if any) portion of that string only. If there are no path delimiters in the string then the original string is returned.
The basename
statement supports both UNIX-style (forward slash) and Windows-style (backslash) delimiters.
When invoked as basename varName
, the varName parameter must be the name of the variable containing the string to analyse. The value of the variable will be updated with the result so care should be taken to copy the original value to a new variable beforehand if the full path may be required later in the script.
As a convenience in cases where the full path needs to be retained, the result of the operation can be placed into a separate variable by using the form basename string as varName
where string is the value containing the full path + filename and varName is the name of the variable to set as the result.
When invoked using basename string as varName
if a variable called varName does not exist then it will be created, else its value will be updated.
The following script ...
... will produce the following output:
The following script ...
... will produce the following output:
The csv
statement is used to create and populate CSV files. It is typically combined with foreach loops to write values extracted from an array in a JSON and/or XML document stored in a named buffer.
CSV files are produced via the use of multiple csv
statements which perform the following functions:
Create a new empty CSV file
Define the headers
Finalise the headers
Write data to one or more rows of the file
Close the file
All CSV files created by the csv
command use a comma as the separator character and a double quote as the quote character. Headers and data fields are automatically separated and quoted.
The following is used to create a new, empty CSV file:
csv
label = filename
The label must not be associated with any other open CSV file. Any number of CSV files may be open simultaneously and the label is used by suesequent csv
statements to determine which of the open files the statement should operate on. Labels are case sensitive and may be from 1 to 15 characters in length.
The specified filename is created immediately, and if it is the name of an existing file then it will be truncated to 0 bytes when opened.
The filename argument may contain a path component but the csv
statement does not create directories, so any path component in the filename must already exist. The path, if specified, will be local to the Exivity home directory.
csv usage = "${exportdir}/azure_usage.csv"
This section refers to add_headers
as the action, but either add_header
or add_headers
may be used. Both variants work in an identical fashion.
csv add_headers
label header1 [header2 ... headerN]
All CSV files created by USE script must start with a header row which names the columns in the file. The number of columns can vary from file to file, but in any given file every data row must have the same number of columns as there are headers.
To create one or more columns in a newly created CSV file, the csv add_headers
statement is used as shown above. The label must match the label previously associated with the file as described previously.
One or more header names can be specified as arguments to csv add_headers
. Multiple instances of the csv add_headers
statement may reference the same CSV file, as each statement will append additional headers to any headers already defined for the file.
No checks are done to ensure the uniqueness of the headers. It is therefore up to the script author to ensure that all the specified headers in any given file are unique.
csv add_headers usage username user_id subscription_id
This section refers to fix_headers
as the action, but either fix_header
or fix_headers
may be used. Both variants work in an identical fashion
csv fix_headers
label
After csv add_headers
has been used to define at least one header, the headers are finalised using csv fix_headers
statement. Once the headers have been fixed, no further headers can be added to the file and until the headers have been fixed, no data can be written to the file.
csv fix_headers usage
This section refers to write_fields
as the action, but either write_field
or write_fields
may be used. Both variants work in an identical fashion
csv write_fields
label value1 [value2 ... valueN]
After the headers have been fixed, the csv write_fields
statement is used to write one or more fields of data to the CSV file. Currently it is not possible to write a blank field using csv write_fields
, however when extracting data from a buffer using a parslet, if the extracted value is blank then it will automatically be expanded to the string (no value)
.
USE keeps track of the rows and columns as they are populated using one or more csv write_fields
statements, and will automatically write the fields from left to right starting at the first column in the first data row and will advance to the next row when the rightmost column has been written to.
It is the responsibility of the script author to ensure that the number of fields written to a CSV file is such that when the file is closed, the last row is complete, in order to avoid malformed files with one or more fields missing from the last row.
csv close
label
Once all fields have been written to a CSV file, it must be closed using the csv close
statement. This will ensure that all data is properly flushed to disk, and will free the label for re-use.
csv close usage
Consider the file "\examples\json\customers.json" representing two customers:
Using a combination of foreach loops and parslets, the information in the above JSON can be converted to CSV format as follows:
The resulting CSV file is as follows:
The buffer
command is used to create and/or populate one of these named buffers with data.
buffer
name
=
protocol protocol_parameter(s)
The first argument to the buffer
statement is the name of the buffer to create. If a buffer with this name already exists then any data it contains will be overwritten.
There must be whitespace on both sides of the 'equals' symbol following the buffer name.
The following protocols are supported:
buffer
buffername
= file
filename
The file
protocol imports a file directly into a buffer. This can be very useful when developing USE scripts, as the USE script for processing for a JSON file (for example) can be implemented without requiring access to a server.
If the specified buffer name already exists, then a warning will be logged and any data in it will be cleared before importing the file.
buffer
buffername
= data
string
The data
protocol populates the buffer with the literal text specified in string. This is useful when extracting embedded JSON. For example the JSON snippet below contains embedded JSON in the instanceData field:
In this case the instanceData field can be extracted using a parslet, placed into a new buffer and re-parsed to extract the values within it. Assuming the snippet is in a file called my_data.json
this would be done as follows:
buffer
buffername
= http
method url
!!! note For full details on the HTTP protocol and its parameters please refer to the http article.
Once the HTTP request has been executed, any data it returned will be contained in the named buffer, even if the data is binary in format (eg: images, audio files or anything else non-human readable).
If the HTTP request returned no data, one of the following will apply:
If the buffer does not already exist then the buffer will not be created
If the buffer already exists then it will be deleted altogether
For details of how to access the data in a named buffer, please refer to the USE script basics article.
buffer
buffername
= odbc
dsn [username password] query
username and password are optional, but neither or both must be specified
where:
dsn is the ODBC Data Source Name (this should be configured at the OS level)
username and password are the credentials required by the DSN
query is an SQL query
Once the query has been executed, the resulting data is located in the named buffer. It can subsequently be saved as a CSV file to disk using:
save {buffername} as filename.csv
The resulting CSV uses a comma (,
) as the separator and double quotes ("
) as the quoting character. Any fields in the data which contain a comma will be quoted.
buffer
buffername
= odbc_direct
query
where query is an SQL query.
Executes SQL query against ODBC datasource that is described in set's odbc_connect parameter.
Once the query has been executed, the resulting data is located in the named buffer. It can subsequently be saved as a CSV file to disk using:
save {buffername} as filename.csv
The resulting CSV uses a comma (,
) as the separator and double quotes ("
) as the quoting character. Any fields in the data which contain a comma will be quoted.
The following examples retrieve data from ODBC and HTTP sources:
The environment
statement specifies the name of environment to use for resolving global variables.
environment
name
The environment
statement selects the predefined environment to use for global variable lookup. It is and error to specify the environment which is not defined in global database.
If no environment specified, default environment (the one specified as default in global database) is assumed.
Environment can be changed many times without limitations, and change affects only global variables that are referenced first time within the script, e.g. all global variables, resolved (copied to local variables) retain their values.
This article assumes knowledge of variables.
The encrypt
statement is used to conceal the value of a variable, such that it does not appear in plain text in a USE script.
encrypt var
name = value_to_be_encrypted
The encrypt
statement differs from other statements in that it takes effect before execution of a USE script begins. In this regard is is effectively a directive to the internal script pre-processor which prepares a script for execution.
Comments, quotes and escapes in the value to be encrypted are treated as literal text up until the end of the line.
White-space following the value to be encrypted will therefore be included in the encrypted result.
White-space preceding the value to be encrypted will be ignored and will not be included in the encrypted result.
Any variable prefixed with the word encrypt will be encrypted by the pre-processor and the script file itself will be modified as follows:
All text (including trailing white-space) from the word following the =
character up to the end of the line is encrypted
The encrypted value is base64 encoded
The original variable value in the USE script is substituted with the result
The encrypt
keyword for that variable is changed to encrypted
The USE script is overwritten on disk in this new form
This process is repeated for all variables preceded by the encrypt
keyword.
As a side effect of the encryption process, it is not currently possible to encrypt a value that begins with a space or a tab. This functionality will be implemented in due course.
Once encrypted a variable can be used just as any other, the only requirement being that the encrypted
keyword preceding its declaration is not removed or modified.
To change the value of an encrypted variable simply replace the declaration altogether and precede the new declaration with encrypt
. Upon first execution, the USE script will be updated with an encrypted version of the variable as described above.
Encrypted values can only be used on the system that they were created on. If an encrypted value is moved or copied to a different installation of Exivity then any attempt to reference or decrypt it will result in something other than the original value.
Firstly, create the script as usual, with encrypt
preceding any variables that are to be encrypted:
Secondly, run the script. Prior to execution the script will be automatically modified as shown below:
The clear
statement is used to delete all HTTP headers previously configured using the set http_header statement.
clear http_headers
The clear
statement will remove all the headers currently defined, after which a new set of headers can be specified using set http_header.
The discard
statement is used to delete a named buffer.
discard
{buffer_name}
The discard
statement will delete the named buffer and free the memory used to store its contents. The statement takes immediate effect and any attempt to reference the buffer afterwards (at least until such time as another buffer with the same name is created) will cause the USE script to log an error and fail.
The escape
statement is used to escape quotes in a variable value or the contents of a named buffer
escape quotes in
varName|{bufferName}
[using
escape_char]
If a variable value or named buffer contains quotes then it may be desirable to escape them, either for display purposes (to prevent USE from removing them before rendering the data as output) or in order to satisfy the requirements of an external API.
The escape
statement will precede all occurrences of the character "
with a specified escape character (backslash by default) as shown in the example below. This operation is not just temporary - it will update the actual contents of the variable or named buffer.
The escape
statement does not take into account the context of existing quote characters in the data. Running it multiple times against the same data will add an additional escape character each time to each occurrence of a quote.
Given an input file called 'escapeme.txt' containing the following data:
The following script:
will produce the following output:
The exit_loop
statement will terminate the current loop.
Either exit_loop
or loop_exit
may be used. Both variants work identically.
exit_loop
The exit_loop
statement will immediately terminate the current loop and script execution will jump to the statement following the }
at the end of the current loop.
This can be done even if the exit_loop
statement is within one or more if constructs inside the loop.
If no loop is in effect then an error will be logged and the script will terminate.
The hash
statement is used to generate a base-16 or base-64 encoded hash of data stored in a variable or named buffer.
hash sha256 [HMAC [b16|b64]
key] target|{target}
as
result
[b16|b64]
hash md5
target|{target}
as
result
[b16|b64]
The hash
statement uses the contents of target as its input and places the final result into result. The SHA256 and MD5 hash algorithms are supported.
If target is surrounded with curly braces like {this}
then it is taken to be the name of a memory buffer and the contents of the buffer will be used as input. Otherwise, it is treated as the name of the variable, the value of which will be hashed.
By default the resulting hash is base-16 encoded and the result placed into the variable specified by the result argument.
result is the name of the variable to put the output into, and not a reference to the contents of that variable. This is why it is not ${result}
If the optional HMAC
key
arguments are provided when the hash type is sha256
then the secret in key will be used to generate an HMAC-SHA-256 result. The optional b64
or b16
argument following the HMAC
option indicates that key is base-64 or base-16 encoded. By default, a clear-text key is assumed.
If the optional b64
argument is used (base64
may also be specified) after the result variable, then the result will be base-64 encoded.
The optional b16
argument (base16
may also be used) after the result variable is provided for completeness, but need not be specified as this is the default encoding to use.
Running the script:
results in the following output:
This article links to detailed descriptions of all the statements supported by USE script.
These descriptions assume knowledge of the USE script basics.
The foreach
statement defines a block of zero or more statements and associates this block with multiple values. The block of statements is executed repeatedly, once for each value.
foreach
parslet
as
loop_label
{
}
The opening {
may be placed on a line of its own if preferred
The foreach
statement is used to iterate over the values in an array or object (identified by a ) within the data in a .
The loop will execute for as many elements as there are in the array, or for as many members there are in the object. For the purposes of this documentation, the term child will be used to refer to a single array element or object member.
If the array or object is empty, then the body of the loop will be skipped and execution will continue at the statement following the closing }
.
The loop_label can be any string, but must not be the same as any other loop_label values in the same scope (ie: when nesting foreach
loops, each loop must have a unique label). This label is used to uniquely identify any given loop level when loops are nested.
The foreach
statement will execute the statements in the body of the loop once for every child. foreach
loops can be nested, and at each iteration the loop_label can be used to extract values from an array or object in the current child using a . See the examples at the end of this article for a sample implementation showing this in action.
As the foreach
loop iterates over the children, a number of variables are automatically created or updated as follows:
Consider the following JSON in a file called samples/json/array.json
:
To generate a list of IDs and names from the items array, the following would be used:
To extract values from an array using nested loops:
Given the source JSON in a file called example.json
, the following USE script:
will produce the following output:
The days_in_month
statement sets a variable to contain the number of days in the specified month
get_last_day_of
yyyyMM
as
varName
The get_last_day_of
statement will set the value of the variable called varName to contain the number of days in the month specifed by yyyyMM where yyyy is a four-digit year and MM is a 2-digit month.
The statement will take leap years into account.
The http
statement initiates an HTTP session using any settings previously configured using the statement. It can also be used for querying response headers.
http
method url
http dump_headers
http get_header
headerName
as
varName
The http
statement performs an HTTP request against the server and resource specified in the url paramater. Any http-related settings previously configured using will be applied to the request.
The method argument determines the HTTP method to use for the request and must be one of GET
, PUT
, POST
or DELETE
.
The url argument must start with either http:
or https:
. If https:
is used then SSL will be used for the request.
The url argument must also contain a valid IP address or hostname. Optionally, it may also contain a port number (preceded by a colon and appended to the IP address or hostname) and a resource.
The following defaults apply if no port or resource is specified:
To dump a list of all the response headers returned by the server in the most recent session use the statement:
http dump_headers
This will render a list of the headers to standard output, and is useful when implementing and debugging USE scripts. The intention of this statement is to provide a tool to assist in script development, and as such it would normally be removed or suppressed with a debug mode switch in production environments.
To retrieve the value of a specific header, use the statement:
http get_header
headerName
as
varName
This will set the variable varName to be the value of the header headerName.
If headerName was not found in the response, then a warning will be written to the log-file. In this case varName will not be created but if it already exists then its original value will be unmodified.
The following shows the process of retrieving a header. The output of:
Takes the following form:
The if
statement is used to conditionally execute one or more statements. In conjunction with an optional else
statement it can cause one or other of two blocks of statements to be executed depending on whether an expression is true or false.
if
(expression)
{
} [else {
}]
If the condition evaluates to true, then the first block of statements is executed, and the second block (if present) is skipped over. If the condition evaluates to false then the first block of statements is skipped and the second block (if present) is executed.
The opening {
character at the start of each block may be placed on a line of its own if preferred but the closing }
must be on a line of its own.
Multiple conditions can be used in a single expression and combined with the boolean operators &&
or ||
(for AND and OR respectively) so long as each condition is enclosed in braces. For example:
Given the source JSON in a file called example.json
, the following USE script:
will produce the following output:
The generate_jwt
statement is used to generate an -compliant JWT (JSON Web Token) which can be used, for example, for .
generate_jwt key
key component1 [... componentN]
as
result
The generate_jwt
statement performs the following actions:
encodes all components as Base64URL
concatenates all components using a dot separator (.
)
hashes the concatenated result using SHA256
signs the hash with a provided PEM-encoded key using the RSA algorithm
encodes the resulting signature as Base64URL
builds JWT by concatenating the two results using a dot separator (.
)
stores the final result in th variable specified by the result
parameter
The RSA key needs to be in PEM format. PEM format requires the header and footer to be on separate lines so it is important to separate the key contents with ${NEWLINE}
as shown below:
var key = "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----${NEWLINE}Key-data-goes-here{$NEWLINE}-----END PRIVATE KEY-----"
To acquire a Google Cloud OAuth 2.0 access token:
The format of the http
statement is identical when used in conjunction with the statement.
Statement
Description
Create an AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 signature value
Extract the filename from path + filename string
Create a named buffer
Delete any defined HTTP headers
Create a CSV file
Delete a named buffer
Base16 or base64 encode data
Encrypt a variable
Break out of a loop
Iterate over an array
Set a variable to contain the number of the last day of a specified month
Call a subroutine
Inflate GZIP data
Generate an SHA256 or HMACSHA256 hash
Execute an HTTP request
Conditionally execute statements
Format JSON data
Change the logging level
Execute statements repeatedly
Search using a regular expression
Suspend script execution
Echo text to standard output
Explicitly return from a subroutine
Save a named buffer to disk
Specify a protocol parameter
Define a subroutine
End script execution
Decompress ZIP data in a named buffer
URI (percent) encode a variable
Create or update a variable
Variable | Value |
loop_label.COUNT | The number of times the loop has executed. If the object or array is empty then this variable will have a value of 0. |
loop_label.NAME | The name of the current child |
loop_label.VALUE | The value of the current child |
loop_label.TYPE | The type of the current child |
Field | Default |
port |
|
resource |
|
The gosub
keyword is used to run a named subroutine
gosub
subroutineName
(
[argument1, ... argumentN]
)
The argument list may span multiple lines, so long as any given argument is contained on a single line and ends with a comma, eg:
The subroutineName provided to the gosub
statement must be that of a subroutine defined elsewhere in the script using the subroutine statement.
If any argument contains white-space or a comma then it must be quoted:
gosub getfile("directory with spaces/filename.txt")
It is permitted to call a subroutine from within another subroutine, therefore gosub
can be used within the body of a subroutine. This may be done up to 256 levels in depth.
The opening bracket after subroutineName may or may not be preceded with a space:
gosub getfile ("filename.txt")
To call a subroutine with no parameters, use empty brackets:
gosub dosomething()
Please refer to the example in the documentation for the subroutine statement
The pause
statement is used to suspend execution of a USE script for a specified time.
pause
delaytime
The delaytime parameter is the number of milliseconds to wait before continuing. A value of 0 is allowed, in which case no delay will occur.
The pause
statement may be useful in cases where an external data source imposes some form of rate limiting on the number of queries that can be serviced in a given time-frame, or to slow down execution at critical points when debugging a long or complex script.
This example makes use of script parameters which are provided when USE is executed. For more information on script parameters please refer to the Extract introduction.
The return
statement is used to exit a subroutine at an arbitrary point and return to the calling location
return
A subroutine will automatically return to the location it was called from when the end of its body is reached. However it may be desirable to explicitly exit the subroutine at some other point in which case the return
statement is used.
The return
statement cannot be used to return a value to the calling code (this should be done via the use of variables as described in the subroutine statement documentation)
The json
statement is used to format JSON in a named buffer.
json format
{buffername}
In many cases an API or other external source will return JSON in a densely packed format which is not easy for the human eye to read. The json
statement is used to re-format JSON data that has been previously loaded into a named buffer (via the buffer statement) into a form that is friendlier to human eyes.
Given the following single packed line of JSON in a named buffer called myJSON:
The following USE script fragment:
will result in the following output:
The print
statement is used to display text to standard output while a USE script is executing.
print [-n]
word|{buffer_name} [... word|{buffer_name]
The print
statement enables user-defined output to be generated during the execution of a USE script. When retrieving data from external sources it may take some time for a lengthy series of operations to complete, so one use of the print
statement is to provide periodic status updates during this time.
The print
statement will process as many arguments as it is given, but at least one argument is required. If the first argument is -n
then no newline will be output after the last argument has been echoed to standard output, else a newline is output after the last argument.
Arguments that are normal words will be sent to standard output followed by a space. Arguments referencing a named buffer will result in the contents of the buffer being displayed.
Note that print
will stop output of data from a named buffer as soon as a NUL
(ASCII value 0) character is encountered
The functionality described in this article is not yet available. This notice will be removed when the appropriate release is made.
The gunzip
statement is used to inflate a GZIP file
gunzip
filename
as
filename
gunzip
{bufferName}
as
filename
The gunzip
statement can be used to extract the contents of a GZIP archive containing a single file. The GZIP archive may be a file on disk or may be the contents of a named buffer.
It is not possible to inflate GZIP data directly in memory, but the same effect can be achieved by extracting GZIP data in a named buffer to disk, and then loading the extracted data back into the named buffer as shown in the example below.
All paths and filenames are treated as relative to the Exivity home directory
The terminate
statement will exit the USE script immediately.
terminate [with error]
Normally a USE script will finish execution when an error is encountered or when the end of the script file is reached, whichever comes first.
When the terminate
statement is encountered, the script will finish at that point. No statements after the terminate
statement will be executed.
By default, the script will exit with a success status, however it may be useful to exit deliberately when an error such as an invalid or unexpected response from an HTTP session is detected. Adding the keywords with error
to the statement will cause it to exit with an error status.
The subroutine
keyword is used to define a named subroutine
A subroutine is a named section of code that can be executed multiple times on demand from anywhere in the script. When called (via the gosub statement), execution of the script jumps to the start of the specified subroutine. When the end of the code in the subroutine body is reached or a return statement is encountered (whichever comes first), execution resumes at the statement following the most recent gosub statement that was executed.
The code in the body of a subroutine
statement is never executed unless the subroutine is explicitly called using gosub. If a subroutine is encountered during normal linear execution of the script then the code in it will be ignored.
Subroutines in USE do not return any values, but any variables that are set within the subroutine can be accessed from anywhere in the script and as such they should be used for returning values as needed.
When invoked via the gosub statement, arguments can be passed to the subroutine. These arguments are read-only but may be copied to normal variables if required.
Arguments are accessed using the same syntax as is used for variables as follows:
${SUBARG.COUNT}
contains the number of arguments that were passed to the subroutine
${SUBARG_N}
is the value of any given argument, where N
is the number of the argument starting at 1
Every time a subroutine is called, any number of arguments may be passed to it. These arguments are local to the subroutine and will be destroyed when the subroutine returns. However, copying an argument to a standard variable will preserve the original value as follows:
After the subroutine above has been executed the return_value
variable will retain the value it was set to.
It is not permitted to nest subroutine
statements. If used within the body of a subroutine statement, a subroutine
statement will cause the script to terminate with an error.
The following demonstrates using a subroutine to detect when another subroutine has been provided with an incorrect number of arguments:
The loop
statement executes one or more statements multiple times.
The opening {
may be placed on a line of its own if preferred but the closing }
must be on a line of its own
The loop
statement will loop indefinitely unless one of three exit conditions cause it to stop. These are as follows:
The number of loops specified by the count parameter are completed
At least as many milliseconds as are specified by the timelimit parameter elapse
An exit_loop statement explicitly exits the loop
In all three cases when the loop exits, execution of the script will continue from the first statement after the closing }
marking the end of the loop.
In the event that both count and timelimit parameters are specified, the loop will exit as soon as one or other of the limits have been reached, whichever comes first.
Both the count and timeout parameters are optional. If omitted then the default for both of them will be infinite.
The loop
statement will automatically create and update a variable called loop_label.COUNT
which can be referenced to determine how many times the loop has executed (as shown in the example below). This variable is not deleted when the loop exits which means that it is possible to know how many times any given loop executed, even after the loop has exited.
Any specified timeout value is evaluated at the end of each execution of the loop and as such the actual time before the loop exits is likely to be a short time (typically a few milliseconds) greater than the specified value. In practice this should be of no consequence.
The loop shown above will result in the following output:
The unzip
statement is used to unzip the data in a named buffer.
unzip
{buffer_name}
The unzip
statement will extract a single file from a zip archive stored in a named buffer. In order for this to succeed, the buffer must have been previously populated using the buffer statement, and the data within the buffer must be a valid ZIP file.
Only ZIP files are supported. To extract GZIP files, use gunzip
A warning will be logged, the buffer left intact and the script will continue to execute if any of the following conditions arise:
The buffer is empty or does not contain a valid ZIP archive
The ZIP archive is damaged or otherwise corrupted
More than 1 file is present within the archive
After the unzip
statement completes, the buffer will contain the unzipped data (the original ZIP archive is discarded during this process).
The filename of the unpacked file is also discarded, as the resulting data is stored in the buffer and can subsequently be saved using an explicit filename as shown in the example below.
The save
statement is used to write the contents of a named buffer to disk.
save
{buffer_name}
as
filename
The save
statement will write the contents of a named buffer to filename. As well as providing a means of direct-to-disk downloading this can be useful for retrieving server responses and capturing them for later examination, whether it be for analysis, debugging or audit purposes.
If the destination file already exists then it will be overwritten.
If the filename argument contains a path component, then any directories not present in the path will be created. If creation of the path destination file is not successful then an error will be logged and the USE script will fail.
The save
statement is similar in effect to the http_savefile option supported by set, in that data from a server is written to disk. There is one important distinction however:
When set http_savefile has been used to specify a file to save, the next HTTP request will stream data to the file as it is received from the server
When a buffer statement is used to capture the server response, and a subsequent save
statement is used to write it to disk, all the buffered data will be written to the file immediately
The uri
statement is used to encode the contents of a variable such that it does not contain any illegal or ambiguous characters when used in an HTTP request.
uri encode
varname
uri component-encode
varname
uri aws-object-encode
varname
As well as uri component-encode
you can use uri encode-component
(the two are identical in operation). Similarly, uri aws-object-encode
and aws-encode-object
are aliases for each other.
When sending a request to an HTTP server it is necessary to encode certain characters such that the server can accurately determine their meaning in context. The encoding involves replacing those characters with a percent symbol - %
- followed by two hexadecimal digits representing the ASCII value of that character.
Note that the last parameter to the uri
statement is a variable name, so to encode the contents of a variable called my_query
the correct statement would be uri encode my_query
and not uri encode ${my_query}
(The latter would only be correct if the value of my_query
was the name of the actual variable to encode)
USE script provides the following methods for encoding the contents of a variable:
uri encode
varname
This method will encode all characters except for the following:
This is typically used to encode a URI which contains spaces (spaces encode to %20
) but doesn't contain any query parameters.
uri encode-component
varname
This method will encode all characters except for the following:
This is typically used to encode query components of a URI, such as usernames and other parameters. Note that this method will encode the symbols =
, &
and ?
and as such a URL of the form:
server.com/resource?name=
name_value
&domain=
domain_value
is usually constructed from its various components using the values of the parameters as shown in the example below.
uri aws-object-encode
varname
This method is specifically implemented to support the encoding of object names when downloading from Amazon S3 buckets. Amazon S3 buckets appear much like shared directories, but they do not have a heirarchical filesystem.
The 'files' in buckets are termed objects and to assist in organising the contents of a bucket, object prefixes may be used to logically group objects together.
These prefixes may include the forward slash character, making the resulting object name appear identical to a conventional pathname (an example might be billing_data/20180116_usage.csv
). When downloading an object from S3 the object name is provided as part of the HTTP query string.
When referencing an S3 object name there is an explicit requirement not to encode any forward slashes in the object name. USE therefore provides the aws-object-encode
method to ensure that any S3 object names are correctly encoded. This method will encode all characters except for the following:
More information may be found at https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/sig-v4-header-based-auth.html where it states:
URI encode every byte. UriEncode() must enforce the following rules:
URI encode every byte except the unreserved characters: 'A'-'Z', 'a'-'z', '0'-'9', '-', '.', '', and '~'._
The space character is a reserved character and must be encoded as "%20" (and not as "+").
Each URI encoded byte is formed by a '%' and the two-digit hexadecimal value of the byte.
Letters in the hexadecimal value must be uppercase, for example "%1A".
Encode the forward slash character, '/', everywhere except in the object key name. For example, if the object key name is photos/Jan/sample.jpg, the forward slash in the key name is not encoded.
The usr-object-encode
method is compliant with the above requirements. For most trivial cases it should not be necessary to encode the AWS object name as it is relatively straightforward to do it by hand. However using uri aws-object-encode
to URI-encode the object name may be useful for object names that contain a number of characters not listed above or for cases where the object name is provided as a parameter to the USE script.
The above script will output:
The calculate
statement is used to perform arithmetic operations using literal and column values.
calculate column
ResultCol
as
source operation source
where source is either of column
colName
or value
literal_value
and operation is one of the characters + - * / %
for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and modulo respectively.
There must be whitespace on each side of the _operation`_character
Examples:
calculate column ResultCol as column Amount * value 1.2
calculate column Net as column total - column cogs
calculate column constant_7 as value 3.5 + value 3.5
The ResultCol parameter is the name of the column that will hold the results. This column may or may not exist (if necessary it will be created automatically).
Both of the two source parameters can specify a literal value, or the name of a column containing the value to use when performing the calculation.
A literal value is specified using value
N
where N is the literal number required
A column name is specified using column
colName
where ColName is the name of the column containing the values required
The ResultCol may be the same as a column specified by one of the source parameters in which case any existing values in it will be updated with the result of the calculation.
Any blank or non-numeric values in a source column will be treated as 0
An attempt to divide by zero will result in 0
When performing a modulo operation, the two source values are rounded to the nearest integer first
Add 1.5 to the values in the Rate column:
calculate column Rate as column Rate + value 1.5
Multiply the values in the Rate column by those in the Quantity column
Store the result in a new column called Charge
calculate column Charge as column Rate * column Quantity
While executing a USE script, various messages are written to a logfile. The loglevel
option determines the amount of detail recorded in that logfile.
loglevel
loglevel
The table below shows the valid values for the loglevel argument. Either the numeric level or the label can be specified. If the label is used then it must be specified in CAPITAL LETTERS.
The log levels are cumulative, in that higher log-level values include lower level messages. For example a level of INFO
will cause FATAL
, ERROR
, WARN
and INFO
level messages to be written to the log.
The loglevel
statement takes immediate effect and may be used multiple times within a USE script in order to increase or decrease the logging level at any time.
The set
statement is used to configure a setting for use by a subsequent http or buffer statements.
set
setting value
A protocol such as http offers a number of configuration options. Any given option is either persistent or transient:
The following settings can be configured using set
:
set http_progress yes|no
Persistent. If set to yes then dots will be sent to standard output to indicate that data is downloading when an HTTP session is in progress. When downloading large files if a lengthy delay with no output is undesirable then the dots indicate that the session is still active.
set http_username
username
Persistent. Specifies the username to be used to authenticate the session if the http_authtype
setting is set to anything other than none
. If the username contains any spaces then it should be enclosed in double quotes.
set http_password
password
Persistent. Specifies the password to be used to authenticate the session if the http_authtype
setting is set to anything other than none
. If the password contains any spaces then it should be enclosed in double quotes.
set http_authtype
type
Persistent. Specifies the type of authentication required when initiating a new connection. The type parameter can be any of the following:
set http_authtarget
target
Persistent. Specifies whether any authentication configured using the http_authtype
setting should be performed against a proxy or the hostname specified in the http URL.
Valid values for target are:
server
(default) - authenticate against a hostname directly
proxy
- authenticate against the proxy configured at the Operating System level
set http_header
"name: value"
Persistent. Used to specify a single HTTP header to be included in subsequent HTTP requests. If multiple headers are required, then multiple set http_header
statements should be used.
An HTTP header is a string of the form name: value.
There must be a space between the colon at the end of the name and the value following it, so the header should be enclosed in quotes
Example: set http_header "Accept: application/json"
Headers configured using set http_header
will be used for all subsequent HTTP connections. If a different set of headers is required during the course of a USE script then the clear statement can be used to remove all the configured headers, after which set http_header
can be used to set up the new values.
By default, no headers at all will be included with requests made by the http statement. For some cases this is acceptable, but often one or more headers need to be set in order for a request to be successful.
Typically these will be an Accept:
header for GET requests and an Accept:
and a Content-Type:
header for POST requests. However there is no hard and fast standard so the documentation for any API or other external endpoint that is being queried should be consulted in order to determine the correct headers to use in any specific scenario.
Headers are not verified as sane until the next HTTP connection is made
set http_body data
string
- use the specified string as the body of the request
set http_body file
filename
- send the specified file as the body of the request
set http_body
{named_buffer}
- send the contents of the named buffer as the body of the request
Transient. By default no data other than the headers (if defined) is sent to the server when an HTTP request is made. The http_body
setting is used to specify data that should be sent to the server in the body of the request.
When using http_body
a Content-Length:
header will automatically be generated for the request. After the request this Content-Length:
header is discarded (also automatically). This process does not affect any other defined HTTP headers.
After the request has been made the http_body
setting is re-initialised such that the next request will contain no body unless another set http_body
statement is used.
set http_savefile
filename
Transient. If set, any response returned by the server after the next HTTP request will be saved to the specified filename. This can be used in conjunction with the buffer statement, in which case the response will both be cached in the named buffer and saved to disk.
If no response is received from the next request after using set http_savefile
then the setting will be ignored and no file will be created.
Regardless of whether the server sent a response or not after the HTTP request has completed, the http_savefile
setting is re-initialised such that the next request will not cause the response to be saved unless another set http_savefile
statement is used.
No directories will be created automatically when saving a file, so if there is a pathname component in the specified filename, that path must exist.
set http_savemode
mode
Persistent.
If mode is overwrite
(the default) then if the filename specified by the set http_savefile
statement already exists it will be overwritten if the server returns any response data. If no response data is sent by the server, then the file will remain untouched.
If mode is append
then if the filename specified by the set http_savefile
statement already exists any data returned by the server will be appended to the end of the file.
set http_timeout
seconds
Persistent. After a connection has been made to a server it may take a while for a response to be received, especially on some older or slower APIs. By default, a timeout of 5 minutes (300 seconds) is endured before an error is generated.
This timeout may be increased (or decreased) by specifying a new timeout limit in seconds, for example:
The minimum allowable timeout is 1 second.
set http_retry_count
count
Persistent. Sets the number of retries that will be made in case of transport-level failures, such as an inaccessible server or a name resolution issue. Server responses with non-200 HTTP code are not considered transport-level failures.
By default this option has a value of 1, which means one initial request and one retry. To disable retrying set the value to 0.
set http_retry_delay
milliseconds
Persistent. Set the pause between retries in milliseconds. Default value is 5000 milliseconds. Used only if http_retry_count is non-zero.
set http_redirect_count
count
Persistent. Set the maximum number to follow HTTP redirects. Valid values are in the range 0-32, where 0 disable redirects completely. By default redirects are disabled.
set http_secure yes|no
Persistent. Switches on or off several server HTTPS certificate validation check, such as:
certificate is issued by trusted CA (Certificate Authority) or certificate chain of trust can be traversed to trusted CA (list of trusted CAs is located in common/certificates/cacert.pem
file within Exivity home directory)
server name matches the name in the certificate
Other certificate checks, such as certificate expiration date, cannot be disabled.
Starting from Exivity version 3 this option is switched on by default.
set odbc_connect
connection_string
Persistent. Sets the ODBC connection string for use by the buffer statement's odbc_direct protocol. The connection string may reference an ODBC DSN or contain full connection details, in which case a DSN doesn't need to be created.
A DSN connection string must contain a DSN attribute and optional UID and PWD attributes. A non-DSN connection string must contain a DRIVER attribute, followed by driver-specific attributes.
Please refer to the documentation for the database to which you wish to connect to ensure that the connection string is well formed.
An example connection string for Microsoft SQL Server is:
The match
statement is to used search either a specified string or the contents of a named buffer using a regular expression.
match
label expression target
The three parameters serve the following purposes:
The label associates a meaningful name to the search. Once the match has been attempted, two variables will be created or updated as follows:
These variables can be checked after the match in order to determine the result status and access the results.
The regular expression must contain one or more characters enclosed in brackets - (
... )
- the contents of which are termed a subgroup. If a successful match is made then the portion of the target text that was matched by the subgroup will be returned in the _label.RESULT
_variable.
The target determines whether a supplied string or the contents of a named buffer are searched. By default the parameter will be treated as a string.
If the string contains white-space then it must be enclosed in double quotes
If the target argument is surrounded with curly braces - {
... }
- then it is taken to be the name of a buffer and the expression will be applied to the contents of that buffer.
Regular expressions are generally used for searching ASCII data. Searching binary data is possible but may be of limited usefulness.
Search the contents of a variable for the text following the word 'connection:' with or without a capital 'C':
Search a text file previously retrieved from a HTTP request to locate the word 'Error' or 'error'
Within the individual reference articles for each statement, the syntax is described using the following conventions:
bold
for keywords
italics
for arguments
Square brackets for optional keywords and arguments [
like
this
]
Vertical pipe for alternative keyword options just|exactly
as shown
Ellipses for a variable length list of arguments: Column1
...
ColumnN
Refer to the page for more information regarding datasets, fully qualified column names and related information.
The following statements (in alphabetical order) are supported by Transcript:
The aggregate
statement is used to reduce the number of rows in a DSET while preserving required information within them
aggregate [counter_column
colname] [dset.id]
[notime|daily] [offset
offset]
[nudge] [default_function
function] colname function [... colname function]
The aggregate
statement is a powerful tool for reducing the number of rows in a DSET. Aggregation is based on the concept of matching rows. Any two rows that match may be merged into a single row which selectively retains information from both of the original rows. Any further rows that match may also be merged into the same result row.
A match is determined by comparing all the columns which have a function of match
associated with them (further information regarding this can be found below). If all the column values match, then the rows are merged.
Merging involves examining all the columns in the data that were not used in the matching process. For each of those columns, it applies a function to the values in the two rows and updates the result row with the computed result of that function. For a full list of functions, please refer to the table further down in this article.
To illustrate this consider the following two row dataset:
If we don't care about the colour
value in the above records, we can combine them together. We do care about the quantity
however, so we'll add the two values together to get the final result.
The statement to do this is:
aggregate notime id match location match quantity sum
id match means that the values in the id
columns must be the same
location match means that the values in the location
columns must be the same
quantity sum means that the resulting value should be the sum of the two existing values
by default, a function of first
is applied to the columns, such that the original row retains its value
Applying these rules to the above example we get the following single result record:
The aggregate
statement accepts a range of parameters as summarised in the table below:
If two records are deemed suitable for merging then the function determines the resulting value in each column. The available functions are as follows:
Each of the rows in a DSET that has been aggregated may be the result of merging multiple rows that existed prior to aggregation. The aggregate
statement therefore creates a new column (or overwrites an existing column if told to) which for each row contains a count of the number of rows that were merged to create that row.
By default this column is called EXIVITY_AGGR_COUNT
but an alternative name may be specified using the optional counter_column
parameter.
Any of counter_column
, counter_col
, count_column
or count_col
may be used as the parameter name. They all work in the same way.
For example the following statement will perform the aggregation and place the counts for each row into a column called merged_row_count
If the column specified by counter_column
does not exist then it will be created.
If the column does exist then the contents will be overwritten.
Note that the column named by counter_column
may not be assigned an aggregation function. If it is, then an error will be logged and the transform will fail for the current data date.
When the notime parameter is specified, the aggregation process treats any columns flagged as start and end times in the data as data columns, not timestamp columns.
In this case when comparing two rows to see if they can be merged, the aggregation function simply checks to see if all the columns with a function of match
are the same, and if they are the two rows are merged into one by applying the appropriate function to each column in turn.
The following illustrates the aggregate
statement being used to remove duplicate rows from a DSET:
The analysis of the statement above is as follows:
notime - we are not interested in timestamps
default_function match - by default every column has to match before records can be aggregated
subscription_id match - this is effectively redundant as the default_function is match
but needs to be present because at least one pair of colname function parameters is required by the aggregate
statement
The resulting DSET will have no duplicate data rows, as each group of rows whose column values were the same were collapsed into a single record.
The example shown at the top of this article used the sum
function to add up the two quantity
values, resulting in the same total at the expense of being able to say which source record contributed which value to that total.
The sum
function can therefore accurately reflect the values in a number of source rows, albeit with the above limitation. By using a function of sum
, max
or min
, various columns can be processed by aggregate
in a meaningful manner, depending on the specific use case.
When aggregating, columns containing start time and end time values in UNIX epoch format can be specified. Each record in the DSET therefore has start and end time markers defining the period of time that the usage in the record represents. As well as taking the start times and end times into account, time-sensitive aggregation can perform additinal manipulations on these start and end times.
Consider the following CSV file called aggregate_test.csv
:
It is possible to aggregate these into 3 output records with adjusted timestamps using the following Transcript task:
Resulting in:
As can be seen, for each unique combination of the values in the id
,subscription-id
and service
columns, the start and end times have been adjusted as described above and the quantity
column contains the sum of all the values in the original rows.
The daily parameter to aggregate
means that the START_TIME and END_TIME columns are now recognised as containing timestamps. When aggregating with the daily option, timestamps within the current dataDate are combined to result in an output record which has the earliest start time and the latest end time seen within the day.
Optionally, following daily
an offset may be specified as follows:
aggregate aggr.test daily offset 2 id match subscription_id match quantity sum
In this case the start and end timestamps are adjusted by the number of hours specified after the word offset before aggregation is performed. This permits processing of data which has timestamps with timezone information in them, and which may start at 22:00:00 of the first day and end at 21:59:59 of the second day, as an offset can be applied to realign the records with the appropriate number of hours to compensate.
The nudge parameter shaves 1 second off end times before aggregating in order to avoid conflicts where hourly records start and end on 00:00:00 9the last second of the current hour is the same as the first second of the next hour)
The capitalise
(the spelling capitalize
is also supported) statement is used to modify the name of a column and/or the values in a column such that the first character is a capital letter and the remaining characters are lower case.
capitalise values|heading [and values|heading] in column|columns
ColName1 [... ColNameN]
After the keyword in
, either of the keywords column
or columns
may be used
The heading
and values
keywords refer to the name of an existing column and the values in each row for that column respectively.
Only the first character in the column name or value is converted to upper case. If this character is not a letter, then the statement will have no effect on it. For example applying the statement:
will have no effect on the column name as the first character is an underscore. However, applying the same statement to a column called _VMName
would result in a new name of _vmname
as after attempting to make the first character a capital (which in the case of the underscore has no effect), the remaining characters are converted to lower case.
Any number of column names may be specified, and any of these may or may not be fully qualified. When applied to values in a column, blank values are ignored.
The 'Data Pipelines' menu allows an admin of the Exivity solution to manage Transcript 'Transformer' scripts. Transcript has its own language reference, which is fully covered in a separate chapter of this documentation.
As described in the , you are free to use your editor of choice to create and modify Transformers. However, the GUI also comes with a built-in Transformers-editor.
To create a new Transformer for Transcript, follow these steps:
From the menu on the left, select "Data Pipelines" > 'Transformer'
To create a new Transformer to normalise and enrich USE Extractor consumption and lookup data, click the 'Create Transformer' button
When your Exivity instance has access to the Internet, it will pull in the latest set of Transformer Templates from our account. These templates are then presented to you, and you can pick one from the list to start Extracting. If you don't have access to the internet, you can download them directly from . You are also free to start creating your own Extractor from scratch.
Provide a meaningful name for your Transformer. When we create a Transformer for a consolidated bill of various IT resources we would, for example, name it: 'IT Services Consumption'.
When you're done creating your Transformer, click the 'Insert' at the bottom of the screen.
The Transformer editor has syntax highlighting and auto completion, to simplify the development of your scripts
When you want to change or delete an existing Transformer, first select one from the list of Transformer that you want to change:
When you've selected your Transformer from the "Data Pipelines" > 'Transformers' list, you can change the Transformer script in the editor
In this example, we're adding a 'services' statement using auto completion, to simplify the creation of services
In case you want to save your changes, click the 'Save' button at the bottom of the 'Editor' screen. To delete this Transformer, you can do so by clicking the 'Remove' button, after which you'll receive an confirmation pop-up where you'll have to click 'OK'.
To test your Transformer, you can execute or schedule it directly from the Glass interface:
After you have selected the Transformer that you would like to run, click to the 'Run' tab next to the 'Editor' tab
Manual execution of a Transformer can only be done for a single day. Provide the date you want to run this transformer for in dd-MM-yyyy format. You can also use the date picker, by clicking on the down facing arrow, on the right side of the date field
When you've provided the required date, click 'Run Now' to execute the Transformer. After the Transformer has completed running, you will receive some success or failed message, after which you might need to make additional changes to your Transformer. For further investigations or troubleshooting, consult the "Log Viewer" found under the administration dropdown menu top right of the screen.
Once you're happy with your output, you can schedule the Transformer via the 'Schedule' tab, which is located next to the 'Run' tab at the top of the screen
Transformer can be scheduled to run once a day at a specific time. Also you should provide a date, which is provided by using an offset value. For example, if you want to execute this Transformer against yesterdays date with every schedule run, you should provide a value there of -1
When you're done with the schedule configuration, you may click the 'Schedule' button. In case you want to change or remove this schedule afterwards, click the 'Unschedule' button.
As of version 1.6, it is recommend to use the Workflow function instead of the schedule tab to schedule transformers.
Transcript executes user-definable scripts (termed tasks) in order to produce one or more (RDFs) from one or more input Dataset files in CSV format. These RDFs are later used by the reporting engine to generate results.
Transcript tasks are located in system/config/transcript/
and are ASCII files which can be created with any editor. Both UNIX and Windows end-of-line formats are supported.
Each statement in a Transcript task must be contained on a single line. Statements consist of a keyword indicating the action to perform, followed by zero or more parameters, separated by white-space, required by the statement. Documentation for all the possible statements can be found in the Transcript language .
By default a space, tab or newline will mark the end of a word in a Transcript task. To include white-space in a parameter (for example to reference a column name with a space in it) then this can be done by enclosing it in double quotes or escaping it by preceding it with \
.
Examples:
create columns from "Meter Name" using Quantity
create columns from Meter\ Name using Quantity
The following table summarises the behaviour of quotes and escapes:
Comments in a Transcript task start with a #
character that is either of:
the first character of a line in the Transcript task
the first character in a word
Comments always end at the end of the line they are started on.
Transcript statements may contain variables. Variables have a name and a value. When a variable name is encountered during execution of the task, the name is replaced with the value of the variable with that name.
Variable names ...
may be used multiple times in a single statement
are case sensitive - ${dataDate}
is different to ${datadate}
may not be nested
may be embedded within surrounding text - xxx${dataDate}yyy
may be used within quotes: import "${baseDir}\to_import\AzureJuly${dataDate}.ccr" source AzureJuly
may appear as words of their own in a transcript statement - create column Date value ${dataDate}
A regular expression variable is a special type of variable used to match the name of a column in a DSET. It is enclosed by ${/
and /}
and the text within this enclosure can take either of the following two forms:
${/
expression
/}
${/
dset.id/expression
/}
If the text preceding the /
character is not a valid DSET ID then the entire text of the variable between the ${/
and /}
enclosure is treated as a regular expression and will be applied to the default DSET
Once the DSET ID and the expression have been established by the above, the expression is tested against each column name in the DSET and the first matching column name is returned. If no match is found, then an error is logged and the transcript task will fail.
The regular expression may contain a subgroup, which is enclosed within parentheses - (
and )
. If no subgroup is present, and a match is made, then the entire column name will be returned. If a subgroup is present and a match is made, then only the characters matching the portion of the expression within the parentheses are returned. For example:
The expression does not have to match the entire column name. Assuming no subgroup is specified, as long as a match is made then the variable will be expanded to the whole column name.
Examples:
The Dataset (in CSV format) is read from disk
An index is constructed, which facilitates high speed manipulation of the data in the DSET
The DSET is added to the list of DSETs available for use by subsequent statements in the Transcript task
Once these actions have been completed, a DSET can be identified through the unique combination of source.alias
. This permits Transcript statements to specify which DSET to operate on.
Data can be exported in one of two ways during the execution of a Transcript task:
Many Transcript statements change the data in the DSET in some way. Columns may be created, renamed or deleted and rows may be added and removed for example.
When developing your , it is possible to view intermediate results by utilizing the preview functionality in the Transformer editor. To use the Transformer Preview, place your cursor at a line number in your script uptill where the Transformer should execute. In the example below, the cursor is placed at line numer 27:
Make sure to select a Preview Date for which data is available in the system. Then execute the preview by clicking the Update and Preview button.
By default, the preview will load the first 1000 records for each DSET being imported. In case you want to increase / decrease this amount, you can do so by adjusting the value in the Output Limit field:
The append
statement is used to append one to the end of another.
append
source_dset.id
to
destination_dset.id
If the source DSET has any column names not present in the destination DSET then additional columns are automatically created in the destination DSET. These additional columns will contain blank values by default.
If one or more column names are present in both DSETs then the columns copied from the source DSET may be re-ordered into the same order as that used by the destination DSET.
At the end of the operation, the destination DSET will contain all the data from both DSETs, and the source DSET is unchanged.
Both DSETs must exist and both should have data. To verify a DSET existents or to check whether a DSET is empty, use one of the following functions:
Additionally, it is not possible to append a DSET to itself.
Given the following DSETs:
DSET ID: example.data
DSET ID: example2.data
The statement append example2.data to example.data
will result in the following destination DSET (example.data):
The default
statement is used to explicitly define the default DSET to use when specifying a column name as an argument in subsequent statements.
default dset
source.alias
Given that multiple DSETS can be loaded at once, it is necessary to specify which DSET to operate on when performing actions such as creating a new column with . A column name in a Transcript statement is assumed as belonging to the default DSET unless it is a column name.
If there is no default
statement in the Transcript, then the first CSV file imported via the statement will automatically be designated as the default DSET.
The default
statement can be used multiple times throughout a Transcript, in which case the default DSET will be whichever was specified by the last default
statement executed.
Lastly, when executing a statement, unless otherwise specified, the default DSET will be used to populate the reporting database created as a result.
When changing the default DSET, any definitions that referenced the default DSET at the time they were created will be updated with the new default DSET.
Set custom.datafile as the default DSET:
default dset custom.datafile
The delete
statement is used to delete one or more columns or rows from one or more DSETs.
delete columns [except]
ColName1 [... ColNameN]
delete blankcolumns
delete rows
delete dset
dset_id
The list of column names following the initial delete columns
statement may be used in one of two ways:
The columns listed will be deleted
All columns except those listed will be deleted
Which method to use is determined by the presence (or otherwise) of the except
keyword:
When using the except
keyword, all column names following it must belong to the same DSET
It is not possible to delete a column from a DSET which only contains a single column. When deleting a column, the memory used to index it, along with the memory used to store the contents of its cells is released. This may be useful in situations where memory is limited.
Deleting unwanted columns early in a Transcript task will also increase the the performance of many subsequent operations performed by the task.
The second keyword may be column
instead of columns
. Either way, the statement behaves identically.
The delete blankcolumns
statement will delete columns that only contain blank values from the default DSET.
It is not possible to completely empty a DSET using delete blankcolumns
. In the event that the last remaining column in a DSET is blank then it will not be deleted.
Either delete rows
or delete row
may be used (both variations work in an identical manner)
It is not possible to delete the default DSET.
Delete the column temp from the default DSET and the column Interim from the azure.Usage DSET:
delete columns temp azure.Usage.Interim
Delete any columns in the default DSET that have no values in any rows:
delete blankcolumns
Delete all rows where the VMID is 1234
Delete the DSET azure.rates
delete dset azure.rates
The create
statement is used to add one more more new columns to an existing DSET.
create column
NewColumnName
[value
Value]
create columns from
ColumnName
[using
ValueColumnName]
create mergedcolumn
NewColumn
[separator
sep]
from [string
literal] Column [/regex/] [Column [/regex/]
|
string
literal]
create column
NewColumnName
[value
Value]
This statement is used to create a new column called NewColumnName. The NewColumnName
argument may be a column name, in which case the new column will be created in the DSET specified as part of that name.
Note: If no DSET has been explicitly defined using the statement then the DSET created by the first or statement in the Transcript task is automatically set as the default DSET.
A column called NewColumnName must not already exist in the DSET. If NewColumnName
contains dots then they will be converted into underscores.
The new column will be created with no values in any cells, unless the optional value *Value*
portion of the statement is present, in which case all the cells in the new column will be set to Value.
Create a new empty column called Cost in the default DSET:
create column Cost
Create a new column called Cost with a value of 1.0 in every row of the default DSET:
create column Cost value 1.0
Create a new column called Cost with a value of 1.0 in every row of the DSET custom.charges:
create column custom.charges.Cost value 1.0
create columns from
ColumnName
[using
ValueColumnName]
This statement is used to create multiple columns in a single operation. As is the case for create columns
above, if the using ValueColumnName
portion of the statement is not present, then all newly created columns will have no values in any cells.
Given this example dataset:
The statement create columns from ServiceName using Count
will create the result shown below:
The names of the new columns to create are derived from the contents of the cells in the column called ColumnName, and the values (if opted for) are derived from the contents of the cells in the column called ValueColumnName. Duplicates are ignored. If all the cells in ColumnName have the same contents, then only a single new column will be created. To illustrate this, consider the following:
When applied to the data above, the statement create columns from ServiceName
will produce the following result (note that only a single column called Small_VM is created, and that empty cells are represented with a separator character, which in the case of the below is a comma):
If opting to set the values in the new columns, then for each row the value in ValueColumnName will be copied into the column whose name matches ColumnName. When applied to the same original data, the statement create columns from ServiceName using Quantity
will produce the following result:
When using create columns
the new columns are always created in the default DSET. This means that when no values are being set, it is possible to specify a different DSET for ColumnName. If the default DSET is Azure.usage
, then the statement create columns from custom.data.Services
will derive the names of the new columns from the cell contents in the Services column in the custom.data DSET.
This is only possible in the absence of the using ValueColumnName
option. When values are to be set, both the ColumnName and ValueColumnName arguments must belong to the default DSET.
The following transcript task will import the datasets Azure.usage and system/extracted/Services.csv, and create new (empty) columns in Azure.usage whose names are taken from the values in the column ServiceDefinitions in Services.csv.
create mergedcolumn
NewColumn
[separator
sep]
from [string
literal] Column [/regex/] [ ... Column [/regex/]
|
string
literal]
If preferred, the wordusing
may be used instead of the wordfrom
(both work in an identical fashion)
This form of the statement is used to generate a new column containing values derived from those in one or more existing columns (termed source columns). The parameters are as follows:
The separator may be more than one character in length (up to 31 characters may be specified)
If a regex is specified then it must contain a subgroup enclosed in parentheses. The portion of the text in the source column matched by this subgroup will be extracted and used in place of the full column value.
The '/' characters surrounding the regular expression in the statement are not considered to be part of the expression itself - they are merely there to differentiate an expression from another column name.
If a regex is not specified, then the entire value in the source column will be used.
By default the value extracted from a source column will be blank in the following two cases:
There is a blank value in a source column
No match for a regular expression is found in the value of a source column
In such cases the merged result will simply omit the contribution from the source column(s) in question. If all the source columns yield a blank result then the final merged result will also be blank.
option merge_blank = some_text_here
This option will use the string some_text_here in place of any blank source column value.
option merge_nomatch = some_text_here
This option will use the string some_text_here if the result of applying the regular expression to a column value returns no matches.
Specifying the literal string <blank>
as the merge_blank or merge_nomatch value will reset the option such that the default behaviour is re-activated.
Given the following dataset:
The following examples illustrate some uses of the create mergedcolumn
statement:
Example 1
Example 2
If no regular expression is specified then the values in the source column will be used in their entirety:
Example 3
Let us add a new row to the sample dataset which has a non-compliant value for the user_id:
By default a non-matching value will result in a blank component of the merged result:
In this case, the resulting key for John
has no separator characters in it. We can force a default value for the missing user_id portion as follows:
The export
statement is used to snapshot the data in a DSET and write it to disk as a Dataset.
export
source.alias
as
filename
The exported file will be created under <base_dir>/exported
. The filename parameter may include a path as well as the filename to export, so long as it does not contain the substring ".." and is not an absolute path. If the path contains one or more directories that do not exist then they will be created.
The source.alias
argument is the DSET ID to export (see for more information on DSET IDs).
The export
statement can be used at any point during this process to save a CSV (conforming to Dataset format) which snapshots the data in the DSET at that moment in time. This can be used for a number of purposes including:
Examining the state of data part-way through processing for debugging purposes
Creating custom exports for subsequent import into 3rd part systems
Producing output CSV files (which may potentially contain merged data from multiple sources) for subsequent processing with another Transcript
When specifying a Windows path it is advisable to use UNIX-style forward slashes as the path delimiters, or to put the path+filename in double quotes to avoid occurrences of\t
being interpreted as a TAB character
The following Transcript will import a quoted CSV file, add a ProcessedFlag column to it with a value of 1 in each row, and save it back out again without quotes:
If the result column already exists then if is set to no
, only blank cells in the result column will be updated.
When performing time-sensitive aggregation, any records with a start or end time falling outside the current will be discarded.
To separate them from normal statement words, variable names are always preceded with ${
and followed by }
. Therefore the variable with the name dataDate
is referenced as ${dataDate}
in the transcript task. As well as user defined variables (created using the statement), the following default variables are supported by Exivity:
The regular expression described by expression will be applied to the
If the text preceding the central /
character is a valid then the expression after that /
will be applied to the column names in that DSET
Regular expression variables are powerful tools when combined with the statement, as they can be used to transform an uncertain column name into a known one.
A Transcript task cannot manipulate data on disk directly, so it is necessary to one or more in CSV format at runtime in order to process the data within them. When a Dataset is ed the following sequence of actions takes place:
A number of checks are done on the data to ensure it meets the to qualify as a Dataset
The data is converted into an internal format called a
The DSET is assigned two tags (source
and alias
) which when combined together form a unique ID to identify the DSET (see for more information)
In addition, a default DSET can be specified, which will be used if no alternative DSET is specified. Full details of these mechanism are detailed in the , specifically in the and articles.
At any point in the Transcript process the current state of a DSET can be rendered to disk as an output CSV file. This is accomplished via use of the statement. This permits snapshots of a DSET to be created for debugging or audit purposes, as well as the creation of partially processed CSV files for import into a later Transcript process.
The statement creates a (RDF) containing the data in a DSET. This RDF can then be used by the reporting engine.
Additionally, the preview will by default return the contents of the Default . In case you prefer to preview a static DSET, you can control this by selecting a custom DSET from the drop down selector:
When executing a Transformer in Preview mode, it will not write any daily to disk, nor will it populate any .
In order to delete rows from a DSET a local filter must be in effect. A local filter is created using the statement.
When used within the body of a statement, delete rows
will delete all rows in the DSET associated with the local filter where the condition is true. For more information on conditions, please refer to the article.
The delete dset
statement can be used to remove a DSET from memory. This may be useful in cases where a DSET is no longer required, for example after it has been used to enrich another DSET via the statement.
This behaviour can be overridden through the use of the statement. The options associated with the create mergedcolumn
statement are as follows:
Level
Label
Meaning
0
DEBUGX
Extended debugging information
1
DEBUG
Debugging information
2
INFO
Standard informational messages
3
WARN
Warnings and non-fatal errors
4
ERROR
Run-time errors
5
FATAL
Non-recoverable errors
Type
Meaning
Persistent
The setting remains active indefinitely and will be re-used over successive HTTP calls
Transient
The setting only applies to a single HTTP call, after which it is automatically reset
Value
Meaning
none
(default)
no authentication is required or should be used
basic
use basic authentication
ntlm
use NTLM authentication
digest
use digest authentication
Parameter
Value
label
A unique name to associate with this match
expression
The regular expression to apply to the target
target
The data to search using the expression
Variable
Possible values
Notes
label
.STATUS
MATCH
NOMATCH
ERROR
The result of applying the expression (ERROR
infers an invalid expression)
label
.RESULT
(A string) (Empty value)
The text matched by the subgroup in the expression, if any
Parameter | Notes |
counter_column (may also be any of counter_col, count_col or count_column) | The name of a column in the aggregated DSET, into which a count of the source rows that were combined to create that row is placed |
dset.id | The DSET to perform the aggregation against |
notime | (Either notime or daily is required) If used, timestamps in records are not taken into consideration when aggregating |
daily | (Either notime or daily is required) If used, specifies that timestamps in the records will be considered when aggregating |
offset | (May only be used if daily is present) The number of hours to shift timestamps by prior to aggregation |
nudge | (May only be used if daily is present) If present, the times in the timestamp column marked as the end time column will have 1 second shaved off them prior to aggregation |
default_function | Specifies the default logic to apply to a column when merging records together. If not specified then the default is |
colname function | One or more pairs of column + function parameters. For each pair, the specified function will be used for the specified column name when merging records together during the aggregation process. For any columns not explicitly named, the default function will be applied. |
Function | Logic |
| The value in both records must be the same |
| The existing value in the first ever result record will be used |
| The value in the last record merged will be used |
| The values will be treated as numbers and summed |
| The values will be treated as numbers and the greatest will be used |
| The values will be treated as numbers and the smallest will be used |
| Whichever value has the most characters in it will be used |
| Whichever value has the least characters in it will be used |
| The value in the resulting merged record will be blank |
| The values will be treated as numbers and the average will be used |
Parameter | Required | Meaning |
NewColumn | Yes | The name of the new column to create |
sep | No | If specified after the separator keyword, sep is a string to insert between values extracted from the source columns |
Column | Yes (at least one) | The name of a source column. A minimum of 1 column must be specified (and at most, 8 may be specified) |
/regex/ | No | If specified, the expression enclosed by the |
string literal | No | If specified, literal will be add to column value. Relative order of Column and literal bits is observed |
Characters | Meaning |
| Anything inside the quotes, except for a newline or an escape character is treated as literal text |
| Whether within quotes or not, this is expanded to a double quote - |
| When used outside quotes, this is expanded to a TAB character |
| When used outside quotes, a space following the |
| Whether within quotes or not, this is expanded to a backslash - |
This article covers both the copy
and move
statements. They both work in the same way apart from the fact that move
deletes the source row after copying it.
The copy
statement is used to copy rows from one DSET to another
copy rows to
dset.id
move rows to
dset.id
Both copy
and move
must be used within the body of a where statement. Only rows that match the expression will be copied (or moved).
The DSET from which rows will be copied or moved is automatically determined from the expression used by the where
statement.
The DSET to which rows will be copied or moved is determined by the dset.id parameter
The source and destination DSETs must be different (it is not possible to copy or move a row within the same DSET).
The destination DSET may or may not exist. If it does not exist then it will be created. If it does exist then the following logic is applied:
If the destination DSET has more columns than the source DSET then the new rows in the destination DSET will have blank values in the rightmost columns
If the destination DSET has fewer columns than the source DSET then the destination DSET will be extended with enough new columns to accomodate the new rows. In this case, existing rows in the destination DSET will have blank values in the rightmost columns
If the destination DSET is extended to accomodate the source rows then the new (rightmost) columns will have the same names as the equivalent columns in the source DSET. In the event that this would cause a naming conflict with existing columns in the destination DSET, one or more new columns in the destination DSET will heve a suffix added to their name to ensure uniqueness. This suffix takes the form _N
where N
is a number starting at 2
.
To illustrate this, if the source DSET has columns called subscription,name,address,hostname
and the destination DSET has a single column called name
then the resulting extended destination DSET would have columns called name,subscription,name_2,address,hostname
.
The convert
statement is used to convert values in a column from base-10 to base-16 or vice-versa.
convert
colName
to decimal|hex from decimal|hex
The keywords dec
anddecimal
and the keywordshex
andhexadecimal
are equivalent.
When converting values in a column, the following considerations apply:
Values in the column are replaced with the converted values
The colName argument must reference an existing column, and may optionally be fully qualified (else the column is assumed to be in the default DSET)
If any values in the column are not valid numbers, they will be treated as 0
Blank values are ignored
The convert
statement may be used in the body of a where
statement
If a value in colName contains a partially correct value such as 123xyz
then it will be treated as a number up to the first invalid character, in this case resulting in a value of 123
.
The hex digits in the original value can be either upper or lower case
The hex digits from A-F will be rendered in upper case in the converted output
The convert
statement only supports integer values (floating points will be treated as floored to the nearest integer)
The environment
statement specifies the name of environment to use for resolving global variables.
environment
name
The environment
statement selects the predefined environment to use for global variable lookup. It is and error to specify the environment which is not defined in global database.
If no environment specified, default environment (the one specified as default in global database) is assumed.
Environment can be changed many times without limitations, and change affects only global variables that are referenced first time within the script, e.g. all global variables, resolved (copied to local variables) retain their values.
Statement | Description |
Reduce the number of rows in a DSET while preserving information |
Append one DSET to the end of another |
Perform arithmetic on column values |
Capitalise column name and/or values |
Convert between decimal and hex values |
Copy rows from one DSET to another |
Merge DSETs using a key |
Create one or more columns |
Specify the default DSET |
Delete columns, rows or DSETs |
Generate usage records from consumption START/STOP events |
Snapshot a DSET to disk |
Create a Reporting Database File |
Conditionally execute statements |
Import a Dataset or CCR file |
Execute one task from within another |
Convert column name and/or values to lower case |
Move rows from one DSET to another |
Normalise strings |
Set global parameters |
Rename an existing column or DSET |
Search and replace values in a column |
Round numeric values in a column |
Create a chargeable service |
Create multiple chargeable services |
Set cell values in a column |
Split column values |
Set the start time and end time columns |
Render a UNIX timestamp in human-readable form |
Create a timestamp column |
See |
Convert column name and/or values to upper case |
Define a variable |
Define a local filter |
Variable | Meaning |
|
| The day value in the |
| The month value in the |
| The number of days in the month in the |
| 00:00:00 on the day in the |
| 23:59:59 on the day in the |
| The year value in the |
|
| This is the equivalent of |
The correlate
statement is used to enrich the default DSET by adding new columns to it, and/or updating existing columns with useful values. The new column names are derived from other DSETs and the values in those columns are set using a lookup function based on the value in a key column shared between the DSETs.
correlate
ColName1 [ ... ColNameN]
using
KeyColumn
[assuming
assumeDSET]
[default
DefaultValue]
The ColName1 ... ColNameN arguments are column names that will be copied from their original DSETs and merged into the default DSET.
Column names must be fully qualified, unless the assuming parameter is used, in which case any column names that are not fully-qualified will be assumed to belong to the DSET specified by assumeDSET.
Source columns are those from which a cell is to be copied when the KeyColumn matches. Destination columns are columns in the default DSET into which a cell will be copied. Destination column names are derived from the names of the source columns as follows:
The source column is the argument in its original form, for example: Azure.usage.MeterName
The destination column is the same argument, but with the DSET ID replaced with that of the default DSET. For example if the default DSET is Custom.Services then the destination column for the above would be Custom.Services.MeterName.
If a destination column name doesn't exist in the default DSET then a new column with that name will automatically be created.
The KeyColumn argument is a column name which must not be fully qualified and which must exist in the default DSET and all of the DSETs referenced by the ColNameN arguments.
The DefaultValue argument, if present, specifies the value to write into the destination column if there is no match for the KeyColumn. If the DefaultValue argument is not specified then any rows where there is no match will result in a blank cell in the destination column.
For each row in the default DSET, the source DSET is searched for a matching KeyColumn value, and if a match is found then the value in the source column is used to update the default DSET. The row of the first match found in the source DSET will be used.
When matching the KeyColumn values, the logic in the following table is evaluated against every row in the destination DSET.
✘
means no or disabled, ✔
means yes or enabled
Given two Datasets as follows, where the default DSET is MyData.Owners:
Dataset 'MyData.Owners'
Dataset 'Custom.Services'
The statement:
correlate service description using id assuming Custom.Services
Will enrich the MyData.Owners Dataset such that it contains:
The statement:
correlate service description using id assuming Custom.Services default unknown
Will produce:
The event_to_usage
statement generates new CSV file with usage records from START/STOP/UPDATE events in source DSET.
event_to_usage from
source.alias
to
file
{
options
}
See Details section for options description
This statement produces usage records from events in source DSET. Three times of events are supported:
START event - marks the start of consumption
STOP event - marks the end of consumption
UPDATE event - marks the change of consumption attributes, such as quantity
There are several situations when the usage record is created:
from START to first matching STOP event
from START to first matching UPDATE event
from UPDATE to first matching STOP event
from UPDATE to first matching UPDATE event
from the beginning of the day to STOP event (if consumption started during previous days)
from the beginning of the day to UPDATE event (if consumption started during previous days)
from START event to the end of the day (if no matching STOP/UPDATE events found)
from UPDATE event to the end of the day (if no matching STOP/UPDATE events found)
for the whole day (if consumption started during previous days, and there was no STOP or UPDATE event during processing day)
Event B is considered matching to event A if happened after event B and has matching key fields.
Several options control the behaviour of this statement:
Conditions for events are valid SQL conditions, which are copied verbatim into query's WHERE, therefore it can be any legal SQL expression, such as "state = 'started' AND (prev_state = 'stopped' OR prev_state IS NULL)"
. Remember using SQL-standard single quotes for string literals.
If epoch_date
option is specified, it is possible to perform initial data load - load running consumptions on specific date. Transcript performs following checks:
there are no events loaded for the specified DSET
processing date matches specified epoch_date
If any of these checks fail, Transcript stops with error.
It is very important to load events in correct order, therefore Transcript performs following checks:
the data for the same day for the specified DSET cannot be loaded twice
there cannot be gaps in processed dates (except for Initial data load)
there is a matching START event before STOP/UPDATE event (ignored in permissive mode)
If any of these checks fail, Transcript stops with error.
If there is a need to re-process data for specific day, event-related state in the database must be rolled back to the preceding date, and after data for all following days processed in correct order.
Only START and STOP events, single-column key:
START, STOP and UPDATE events, complex key:
The var
statement is used to create or update a variable which can subsequently be referenced by name in the USE script.
[public] var
name [ = value]
[public] var
name operator number
[public] encrypt var
name = value
For details on encrypted variables please refer to the encrypt article
Variables are created in one of two ways:
Manually via the var
command
Automatically, as a consequence of other statements in the script
If the word public
precedes a variable declaration then the variable will be shown in, and its value can be updated from, the Exivity GUI. Only variables prefixed with the word public
appear in the GUI (all others are only visible in the script itself). To make an automatic variable public, re-declare it with a value of itself as shown below:
A variable is a named value. Once defined, the name can be used in place of the value for the rest of the script. Amongst other things this permits configuration of various parameters at the top of a script, making configuration changes easier.
The = value portion of the statement is optional, but if used there must be white-space on each side of the =
character. To use spaces in a variable value it should be quoted with double quotes.
Once a variable has been defined it can be referenced by prefixing its name with ${
and post-fixing it with a }
. For example a variable called outputFile
can be referenced using ${outputFile}
. If no value is specified, then the variable will be empty, eg:
will result in the output:
Variable names are case sensitive, therefore ${variableName}
and ${VariableName}
are different variables.
If there is already a variable called name then the var
statement will update the value.
There is no limit to the number of variables that can be created, but any given variable may not have a value longer than 8095 characters
Variables that contain a numeric value can have the arithmetic operations performed on them in on of two ways.
The first, and recommended way is to use an expression, as demonstrated in the example code below:
When using expressions in this manner after a var
statement it is necessary to enclose the expression in parentheses as shown above but both integer and floating point arithmetic can be performed.
If working with integer arithmetic then one of the operators +=
, -=
, *=
, /=
or %=
can be used which will perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, (integer) division or modulo operations respectively.
For example the statement var x += 10
will add 10 to the value of x. Note that both the value in the variable and the value following the operator must be integers.
When performing arithmetic operations on a variable using this second method, any leading zeros in the value of that variable will be respected:
Currently, only integer arithmetic is supported by the +=
, -=
, *=
, /=
and %=
operators.
Automatic variables are referenced in exactly the same way as manually created ones; the only difference is in the manner of creation.
The following variables are automatically created during the execution of a USE script:
To derive the short versions of the day and month names, use a match statement to extract the first 3 characters as follows:
match day "(...)" ${DAY_NAME_UTC}
var short_day = ${day.RESULT}
On occasion it may be useful to determine the length (in characters) of the value of a variable. This can be done by appending the suffix .LENGTH
to the variable name when referencing it. For example if a variable called result has a value of success then ${result.LENGTH}
will be replaced with 7
(this being the number of characters in the word 'success').
A variable with no value will have a length of 0, therefore using the .LENGTH
suffix can also be used to check for empty variables as follows:
myvar.LENGTH
is not a variable in its own right. The .LENGTH
suffix merely modifies the manner in which the myvar
variable is used.
Modify one or more existing descriptions and/or unit label
The currently in effect, in yyyyMMdd format
The currently in effect
Match Found
Overwrite
Default Value
Result
✘
✘
✘
No values will be updated
✔
✘
✘
Empty destination column cells will be updated
✘
✘
✔
Empty destination column cells will be set to the default value
✔
✘
✔
Empty destination column cells will be set to the matched source column value
✘
✔
✘
No values will be updated
✔
✔
✘
Destination column cells will be updated
✘
✔
✔
Destination column cells will be set to the default value
✔
✔
✔
Destination column cells will be set to the matched source column value
Option name
Presence
Description
start_event
Mandatory
SQL condition for START events (see note below)
stop_event
Mandatory
SQL condition for STOP events (see note below)
update_event
Optional
SQL condition for UPDATE events (see note below). If not specified, only START and STOP are used
key_columns
Mandatory
Comma-separated list of columns for matching events. Values in all columns should match in order for events to match
timestamp_column
Mandatory
Column with event timestamp
epoch_date
Optional
Date in YYYYMMDD format when data was initially loaded (see Initial data load)
Variable
Details
${ARGC}
The number of parameters passed to the script
${ARG_N}
For each parameter passed to the script a variable called ${ARG_N}
, where N is a number greater than or equal to 1, will be created whose value is the argument value associated with that parameter
${DAY}
The day of the current local date, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${DAY_NAME}
The full English name of the current day of the week
${DAY_UTC}
The day of the current date in UTC, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${DAY_NAME_UTC}
The full English name of the current day o fthe week in UTC
${GET_TIME}
The current local time in 'friendly' format, eg Tue Jan 16 14:04:32 2018
${loop_label.COUNT}
A foreach loop creates this variable (where loop_name is the name of the loop). The value of the variable is updated every time the loop executes, with a value of 1
on the first loop. If no loops are performed, then the variable will have a value of 0
${loop_label.NAME}
${loop_label.VALUE}
When iterating over the children of a JSON object (not an array) using foreach, these variables are updated with the name and value respectively of the current child every time the loop is executed (either may be blank if the child has no name or value respectively)
${loop_label.TYPE}
When iterating over the children of a JSON object (not an array) using foreach, this variable is updated to reflect the type of the current child every time the loop is executed. The type will be one of boolean
, number
, string
, array
, object
or null
.
${HOUR}
The hour of the current local time, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${HOUR_UTC}
The hour of the current time in UTC, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${HTTP_STATUS_CODE}
The HTTP status code returned by the server in response to the most recent http request executed. In case of transport-level failure contains value -1, HTTP_STATUS_TEXT variable contains error message
${HTTP_STATUS_TEXT}
In case of transport-level failures, this variable will contain an error message intended to assist in identifying the issue
${MINUTE}
The minute of the current local time, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${MINUTE_UTC}
The minute of the current time in UTC, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${MONTH}
The month of the current local date, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${MONTH_NAME}
The full English name of the current month of the year
${MONTH_UTC}
The month of the current date in UTC, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${MONTH_NAME_UTC}
The full English name of the current month of the year in UTC
${NEWLINE}
A newline (0x0A
) character. Example use: var twolines = "This string${NEWLINE}contains two lines of text"
${SECOND}
The second of the current local time, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${SECOND_UTC}
The second of the current time in UTC, padded to 2 digits if necessary
${MSEC}
The milliseconds of the current local time, padded to 3 digits if necessary
${MSEC_UTC}
The milliseconds of the current time in UTC, padded to 3 digits if necessary
${SCRIPTNAME}
The filename of the script being executed
${OSI_TIME_UTC}
The current UTC time in YYYYMMDD'T'HHMMSS'Z' format, eg: 20180116T140432Z
${YEAR}
The year of the current local date as a 4 digit number
${YEAR_UTC}
The year of the current date in UTC as a 4 digit number
${UNIX_UTC}
Current UNIX time (seconds since 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC)
The encode
statement is used to base16 or base64 encode the contents of a variable or a named buffer.
encode base16|base64
varName|{buffer_name}
The encode
statement will encode the contents of an existing variable or named buffer, replacing those contents with the encoded version.
The result of encoding the contents will increase their length. With base16
encoding the new length will be double the original. With base64
encoding the new length will be greater than the original but the exact size increase will depend on the contents being encoded.
When encoding a variable, if the size of the result after encoding exceeds the maximum allowable length for a variable value (8095 characters) then the USE script will fail and an error will be returned.
Encoding an empty variable or buffer will produce an empty result
The following script ...
... produces the following output: